适用于新高考新教材2024版高考英语二轮复习专项能力提升练阅读理解文体分类练2记叙文（附解析）

文体分类练(二)　记叙文(限时:25分钟)Passage1(2023山东淄博一模)MyhusbandandIalwayswantedtogototheCaribbeanbutdidn’tknowmuchabouttheislandsorhowweweregoingtoaffordit.Bychance,afriendofoursinAustraliamentioned“petsitting”andthatitissomethingyoucandoallovertheworld.Wequicklycreatedanaccountonapetsittingwebsiteandbegansearchingforoptions.Therewereonlyacoupleofsitsavailableinthatpartoftheworld,butwetriedourluck,sentarequest,andtooursurpriselandedathree-monthjobinGrenada,soouryearwasgoingtobetakenupwithCaribbeanpetsits.InspiredbyaCanadiancouple,wedecidedtostartourowntravelblog.WebeganbywritingaboutTheVirginIslands,highlightingthebeautifulbeaches.However,foreveryphotoalbumofabeautifulbeach,therewere10photosoftrash.Itwashardtoignoretheplasticpollutionissue,especiallyonsuchprimitiveandremotebeaches.So,webegantosharephotosofthetrashwesawandhowmuchwecouldpickuponourdailydogwalks.Themorewelookedintoplasticpollution,themorewerealizedtheseverityoftheglobalplasticpollution.Fromthatpoint,weusedourplatformtocreateawarenessandhighlightwaystosaynotoplasticandtravelplastic-free.Wechangedourdailyroutines,ourwayofliving,andevenourdietstoaccommodatemoreorganicfoodsandlittletonoplasticpackaging.It’sbeenoverthreeyearsnowandwecontinuetodowhatwecan.Thisjourneyhasledustosomeamazingplaces,workingwithgreatbrandsandevenorganizingacountry-widebeachclean-upcampaigninGrenada.Ouraimnowistokeepongoing.Weloveconnectingwithlike-mindedpeople.It’sbeenamazingfewyearsthatwassparkedbyaconversationaboutpetsitting.Whowouldhaveguessed?1.Whydidtheauthordopetsitting?A.Toraisefund.B.Toprotecttheenvironment. C.Tocovertravelexpenses.D.Toshootbeautifulbeaches.2.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoconveythroughherstory?A.Petsittingisanewtypeofoccupation.B.TheCaribbeanisanidealtraveldestination.C.Travelblogisasuperbwaytogainpopularity.D.Actionshouldbetakentofightplasticpollution.3.HowdidtheauthorfindherexperienceintheCaribbean?A.Significant.B.Challenging.C.Adventurous.D.Dreadful.4.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ChangingLifestylesbyPetSittingB.UnexpectedGainsfromPetSittingTravelC.DealingwithGlobalEnvironmentalPollutionD.TheAvailabilityofPetSittingintheCaribbeanPassage2(2023江苏镇江二模)EugeneNewmanParker,aleadingfigureinheliospheric(日球层的)physicsforthepasthalfcentury,passedawaypeacefullyathishomeinChicagoonMar.15.Hewas94.Hailed(誉为)asavisionaryinthefieldofheliophysics,ParkerrevolutionizedourunderstandingofthesunanditseffectsonEarthandotherbodieswithinthesolarsystem.NASAevenstatedthatthefieldofheliophysicsexistsinlargepartbecauseofDr.EugeneParker.In2018,Parkerbecamethefirstlivingscientisttowitnessthelaunchofaspacecraftthatwasnamedinhishonor.Parkerisbestknownforhisgroundbreakingtheoryontheexistenceofaphenomenoncalled“solarwind”,acontinuousstreamofchargedparticlesthatflowoffthesun.Itcanbecomeviolent,causingspaceweatherthatimpactsEarth.WhenParker’sresearchwaspublishedin1958,histheorywasinitiallymetwithskepticism(怀疑)andridiculebythescientificcommunity.Thegeneralviewatthetimewasthatthespacebetweenplanetswasanabsolutevacuum(真空),andwasthuscompletelyemptyofanymatter.But,therewerenoerrorsinhisstudyorhiscalculations,andthetheorywaslaterproventobecorrectin1962,whenaNASA spacecraftmissiontoVenusrevealedtheconstantpresenceofasupersonicwind—exactlyasParkerhadpredicted.ThatexperiencelikelyledtotheadviceParkeroftengaveyoungresearchers:“Ifyoudosomethingneworinnovative,expecttrouble.Butthinkcriticallyaboutitbecauseifyou’rewrong,youwanttobethefirstonetoknowthat.”Parkerneverco-authoredapaperwithhisstudents,thusurgingthemtobeindependent.Parkerwashumble,straightforward,andwise.HissonEricsaid,“MysisterJoyceandIdidn’tgetarealfeelforwhata‘bigdog’ourdadwasinthefield.”TheygotanevenbettersensewhenamonthafterParker’sdeath,theytraveledtoLund,Sweden,toacceptonhisbehalftheCrafoordPrizeinAstronomy.5.Whatcanwelearnfromthesecondparagraph?A.AspacecraftwasnamedinmemoryofParker.B.ThesunhaslesseffectsonEarththanexpected.C.Parkerdeservedcreditforhisgreatcontributions.D.NASAprovidednewinsightsintothelunareffect.6.WhydidpeopleviewParker’stheoryof“solarwind”skepticallyatfirst?A.Itwentagainstthepopularopinionatthattime.B.Somemistakeswerefoundinhiscalculations.C.ThepresenceofasupersonicwindwasprovenbyNASA.D.Matterwasbelievedtoexistinthespacebetweenplanets.7.WhatdidParkersuggestyoungresearchersdo?A.Seekclosecooperation.B.Avoidhighexpectations.C.Learnbytrialanderror.D.Competeagainstothers.8.WhatwordscanbeusedtodescribeParkeraccordingtothepassage?A.Straightforwardandgenerous.B.Responsibleandaccessible.C.Intelligentyetconservative.D.Distinguishedyetmodest.Passage3(2023浙江嘉兴二模) JoeHoran,aphysicaleducationteacher,hasstartedtheprogramBuildingMentocreateapositivevisionofmanhoodnotjustforhimself,butalsofortheboysheteaches.Lookingback,Mr.Horansayshisprogramdevelopedfromalowpointinhislife.In2004ashewentthroughahardtime,hefeltsociety’sdefinitionofmanhoodwasleadinghimdownthewrongpath.Hislife,hesays,lackedsubstanceanddepth.“Adesirebecameplantedinmyheart.Thatis,tofindhealingfromtheunhealthymessagesIbelievedaboutmanhood,”hesays.Then,hissisterrecommendedabook,SeasonofLifebyJeffreyMarx,whichdigsintothediscoveryofwhatbeingamanisallabout.Joetookallthecluesandstartedtoputlifelessonsintohisclass.Despitelimitedresourcesandfunding,BuildingMenbeganatonemiddleschoolinthedistrictin2006.Itgrewonashoestringbudget,expandingschoolbyschool,yearbyyear.Today,33teachers,likeMr.Colabufo,workacross18schools.Mr.ColabufohasknownMr.Horanforseveralyears,notingmanypeopleareawareoftheprogram’ssuccess.“Joe’salegendinthisdistrict,”Mr.Colabufosays.Theprogramappealstoboysatfirstbecauseofabasketballcomponent,butitssecretishowitdivesintooff-the-courtissuesthroughdiscussionsoncharacter.BuildingMenhelpsparticipantsgaininsight,worktorestoreself-worth,andlearntocalmemotions.SIRisacentralcomponentoflessons,standingforsignificance,integrity,andrelationships.Atarecentbreakfastfundraiser,ShateekNelson,asenioratNottinghamHighSchool,sharedhisexperience,havingparticipatedinBuildingMensincemiddleschool.Hesaidhelearnedtoseethebiggerpicture,ratherthanlivinginthemoment.Healsocametorealizehisactionsaffectothers,andnowhefactorsthatintohisdecisions.9.WhatmotivatedJoeHorantostarttheprogramBuildingMen?A.Aninstructionalbook.B.Hispersonalexperience.C.Hissister’ssuggestion.D.Thesociety’sexpectation.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“shoestring”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Flexible.B.Proper.C.Tight.D.Balanced. 11.WhatdidShateekNelsonlearnfromparticipatinginBuildingMen?A.Oneshoulddreambigandthenstartsmall.B.Oneshouldliveeachdayasifitwerethelastday.C.Itisgoodtogainreal-lifeexperienceatmiddleschool.D.Itisessentialtothinkmoreofothersindecision-making.12.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A.SIR:CoreComponentofPhysicalEducationB.HealthyLife:InvolvingSubstanceandDepthC.BuildingMen:TeachingBoysAboutManhoodD.Manhood:Teenagers’PowerofHandlingIssues答案：文体分类练(二)　记叙文Passage1[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为一次宠物看护工作,去了一个很美丽的小岛,但是那里却被塑料所污染,所以作者把看到的垃圾分享到博客上,希望唤起人们的环保意识,之后作者一直致力于环境保护工作。1.C　细节理解题。根据第一段可知,作者做“照顾宠物”的工作是为了支付自己和丈夫去加勒比的费用。故选C项。2.D　推理判断题。根据第三段的“However,foreveryphotoalbumofabeautifulbeach...howmuchwecouldpickuponourdailydogwalks.”和第四段的“Themorewelookedintoplasticpollution,themorewerealizedtheseverityoftheglobalplasticpollution.”推知,作者想通过自己的故事告诉读者必须采取措施应对垃圾污染。3.A　推理判断题。根据倒数第二段可知,作者的那次旅行不仅让她意识到了塑料垃圾污染的重要性,还通过自己的行动影响了很多人。由此推知,她认为自己在加勒比的经历是非常重要的。4.B　主旨大意题。通读全文可知,文章主要讲述了作者因为一次宠物看护工作,去了一个很美丽的小岛,但是那里却被塑料所污染,所以作者把看到的垃圾分享到博客上,希望唤起人们的环保意识,之后作者一直致力于环境保护工作。结合最后一段可知,B项“照顾宠物旅行的意外收获”可以作为本文的最佳标题。Passage2 [语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了太阳物理学的领军人物尤金·纽曼·帕克的贡献以及他对年轻人的影响。5.C　推理判断题。根据第二段中“ParkerrevolutionizedourunderstandingofthesunanditseffectsonEarthandotherbodieswithinthesolarsystem.”以及“NASAevenstatedthatthefieldofheliophysicsexistsinlargepartbecauseofDr.EugeneParker.”可知,帕克对整个太阳物理学领域做出了极大的贡献,他是值得赞扬的。6.A　细节理解题。根据第三段中“WhenParker’sresearchwaspublishedin1958,histheorywasinitiallymetwithskepticismandridiculebythescientificcommunity.”以及“Thegeneralviewatthetimewasthatthespacebetweenplanetswasanabsolutevacuum,andwasthuscompletelyemptyofanymatter.”可知,人们起初对帕克的“太阳风”理论持怀疑态度,因为它违背了当时的流行观点。7.C　细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“ThatexperiencelikelyledtotheadviceParkeroftengaveyoungresearchers:‘Ifyoudosomethingneworinnovative,expecttrouble.Butthinkcriticallyaboutitbecauseifyou’rewrong,youwanttobethefirstonetoknowthat.’”可知,帕克给年轻人的建议是从错误和尝试中学习。8.D　推理判断题。根据第二段中“Hailedasavisionaryinthefieldofheliophysics,ParkerrevolutionizedourunderstandingofthesunanditseffectsonEarthandotherbodieswithinthesolarsystem.”以及最后一段中“Parkerwashumble,straightforward,andwise.”可知,帕克是杰出但谦逊的。Passage3[语篇解读]本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要介绍了名叫JoeHoran的体育老师受个人经历启发开办了为男孩们塑造积极男子汉形象的BuildingMen项目。9.B　细节理解题。根据第一段中“Lookingback,Mr.Horansayshisprogramdevelopedfromalowpointinhislife.In2004ashewentthroughahardtime,hefeltsociety’sdefinitionofmanhoodwasleadinghimdownthewrongpath.”及“Adesirebecameplantedinmyheart.Thatis,tofindhealingfromtheunhealthymessagesIbelievedaboutmanhood”可知,他的个人经历促使他创建了该项目。10.C　词义猜测题。根据第二段第一句“ Despitelimitedresourcesandfunding,BuildingMenbeganatonemiddleschoolinthedistrictin2006.”可知,最初该项目资金紧张,故而“budget”(预算)也会紧张。故shoestring应表示“紧张的”。11.D　细节理解题。根据第四段最后两句“Hesaidhelearnedtoseethebiggerpicture,ratherthanlivinginthemoment.Healsocametorealizehisactionsaffectothers,andnowhefactorsthatintohisdecisions”可知,ShateekNelson学到了在做决定时要多考虑他人的福祉。12.C　主旨大意题。根据第一段第一句“JoeHoran,aphysicaleducationteacher,hasstartedtheprogramBuildingMentocreateapositivevisionofmanhoodnotjustforhimself,butalsofortheboysheteaches.”并结合下文对JoeHoran的经历及该项目的描述可知,文章主要介绍了以塑造积极男子汉形象为目标的BuildingMen项目。词汇积累:1.(Passage1)bychance偶然,意外地2.(Passage1)searchfor寻找3.(Passage1)tryone’sluck碰运气4.(Passage1)primitiveadj.原始的5.(Passage1)highlightvt.突出,强调6.(Passage2)passaway去世7.(Passage2)inone’shonor向某人表示敬意8.(Passage2)phenomenonn.现象9.(Passage2)initiallyadv.开始,起初10.(Passage2)urgesb.todosth.督促某人做某事11.(Passage2)humbleadj.谦虚的,谦卑的12.(Passage3)definitionn.定义13.(Passage3)beallabout最重要的是;主要的是14.(Passage3)appealto对……有吸引力熟词生义:1.(Passage1)accommodatevt.适应2.(Passage3)factorvt.把……作为因素计入长难句分析:(Passage1)Bychance,afriendofoursinAustraliamentioned“petsitting”andthatitissomethingyoucandoallovertheworld. 分析:本句为并列复合句。and前第一个分句为简单句;and后第二个分句为复合句,youcandoallovertheworld为定语从句。句意:一次偶然的机会,我们在澳大利亚的一个朋友提到了“宠物看护”,那是你在世界各地都可以做的事情。