初中英语人教新目标八年级上册Unit2 How often do you exercise知识点

八年级英语上册Unit2知识点【Usefulexpressions】helpwithhousework帮助做家务onweekends在周末howoften多久一次hardlyever几乎从不onceaweek每周一次twiceamonth每月两次everyday每天befree有空gotothemovies去看电影usetheInternet用互联网swingdance摇摆舞playtennis打网球stayuplate熬夜；睡得很晚atleast至少havedanceandpianolessons上舞蹈课和钢琴课gotobedearly早点睡觉playsports进行体育活动begoodfor对……有好处gocamping去野营not…atall一点儿也不……inone’sfreetime在某人的业余时间themostpopular最受欢迎的suchas比如；诸如oldhabitsdiehard积习难改gotothedentist去看牙医morethan多于；超过lessthan少于helpsb.withsth.帮助某人做某事Howabout…?......怎么样？/……好不好？wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事Howmany+可数名词复数+一般疑问句？……有多少……?主语+find+that从句.……发现……spendtimewithsb.和某人一起度过时光It’s+adj.+todosth.做某事是……的bydoingsth.通过做某事thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式【Targetsentences】Whatdoyouusuallydoonweekends?Isometimesgoshopping.Inevergoshopping.IusuallywatchTV.Ialwaysexercise.Ioftenhelpwithhousework.So,ChengTao,howoftendoyouwatchTV?6,Hmm.abouttwiceaweek,Iguess.Howoftendoyouexercise?Iexerciseaboutthreetimesaweek.Hmm...nextweekisquitefullforme,Jack.Howoftendoesheplaybasketball?Heplaysatleasttwiceaweek.Whatdoesshedoonweekends?Shesometimesgoesshopping.Butmymotherwantsmetodrinkit.Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.Howoftendoyoueatvegetablesandfruits?Howmanyhoursdoyousleepeverynight?It'sgoodtorelaxbyusingtheInternetorwatchinggameshows,butwethinkthebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.Youcanspendtimewithyourfriendsandfamilyasyouplaytogether.Moststudentsuseitforfunandnotforhomework.Shenevergoestothedentistforteethcleaning.【Languagepoints】1.sometimessometimes作副词，意为“有时”【易混辨析】sometimes与sometimesIlikerice,butsometimesIthinknoodlesareverydelicioustoo.I'vereadthisarticlesometimes.It'seducational.2.hardlyever(1)hardly作副词，相当于almostno、almostnot,意为“几乎不；几乎没有”，其本身表示否定含义，不能再与否定词连用。Ihardlyknowyou.Itwassofoggythatthedrivercouldhardlymakeoutthewayahead.（2）hardlyeverhardlyever表示频率，其表达的含义与seldom或almostnever相近，意为“几乎从不”。Shehardlyever(=seldom)callsme.ShelivesinSpain,wehardlyever(=almostnever)seeher.3.onceaweekonceaweek是表示频率的短语，意为“一周一次”，常用来回答howoften的提问。其中once作副词，意为“一次”。—Howoftendoyougohiking?—Onceaweek.twice作副词，意为“两次”。twiceamonth/year意为“一月/年两次”，表示频率。Iplaychessatleasttwiceaweek.【拓展延申】次数表达法6,表示次数应注意，time后面加-s；一次、两次很特殊，once、twice要牢记。4.usetheInternetInternet相当于theNet，意为“(国际)互联网；因特网”，其前常用定冠词the修饰。常用短语：surftheInternet“网上冲浪”；ontheInternet“在互联网上”。MybrotherlikessurfingtheInternetverymuch.YoucanbuyourgoodsontheInternet.5.Hmm...nextweekisquitefullforme,Jack.(1)full作形容词，意为“忙的；满的；充满的”，此处意为“忙的”，相当于busy，其反义词是free“空闲的”。Hislifeistoofulltofindtimeforhobbies.(2)full作形容词，还可意为“满的；充满的”，反义词为empty“空的”。befullof与befilledwith同义，意为“充满”。Thebottleisfullofwater.=Thebottleisfilledwithwater.6.Howcome?为什么呢？Howcome?常用于英语口语中，可译为“为什呢？”或“怎么会呢?”,既可独立使用，也可在其后接句子，用来询问事情的缘由或状况。Howcometheskyissobluetoday?—Tomdidn'tcometoschooltoday?—Really?Howcome?【易混辨析】why与howcome7.Igotothemoviesmaybeonceamonth.maybe作副词，意为“大概；或许；可能”【易混辨析】maybe与maybeMaybesheisadoctor.=Shemaybeadoctor.8.Heplaysatleasttwiceaweek.atleast为固定短语，意为“至少；不少于；起码”，反义短语是atmost，意为“至多；不超过”。Teenagersneedtosleepatleast8hourseveryday.Youcanborrowatmostthreebooksonce.9.Butmymotherwantsmetodrinkit.6,wantsth.想要某物wanttodosth.想要做某事wantsb.(not)todosth.想要某人（不）做某事Theboywantednotingbutfreedom.Doyouwanttogotothemovieswithme?Theteacherdoesn’twantustoeathamburgers.10.Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.（1）begoodfor为固定短语，后可接名词、代词或动词-ing，意为“对······有好处”，其反义短语为bebadfor，意为“对······有害”。Youshoulddomoreexercise.Itisgoodforyourhealth.Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.其他用法搭配：Timisgoodatplayingthepiano.HewasverygoodtomewhenIwasill.Tomisverygoodwithchildren.(2)health为不可数名词，意为“健康；人的身体（或精神）状态”常用短语：beingood/poorhealth“身体好/差”。Smokingisharmfultoyourhealth.Mygrandmaisingoodhealth.11.Wefoundthatonlyfifteenpercentofourstudentsexerciseeveryday.(1)percent作名词，意为“百分之······”，单复数同形，如：onepercent百分之一，thirtypercent百分之三十。(2)“基数词+percent+of+the+名词”结构作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由该结构中的名词来决定。Twentypercentofthestudentsagreewithyou.Thirtypercentofthetimepasses.12.Andtwentypercentdonotexerciseatall!(1)not...atall表示强烈的否定，意为“根本不；一点儿也不”，atall通常位于句尾。Idon'tknowheratall.Hedidn’tdothehomeworkatall.(2)notatall有“不用谢，别客气；没关系，一点也不介意”之意。—Thankyouforyourkindness.—Notatall.—WouldyoumindifIsmoke?—Notatall.13.Weallknowthatmanystudentsoftengoonline.(1)online在此作副词，意为“在线；联网”。Itisfasterifyouapplyonline.(2)online还可作形容词，意为“在线的；联网的”。Weplantobuildanonlinedatabase.6,Onlineshoppingisbothcheapandconvenient,somanypeoplelikeshoppingonline.14.Althoughmanystudentsliketowatchsports,gameshowsarethemostpopular.(1)although作连词，相当于though，意为“虽然；尽管；即使”，引导让步状语从句。Althoughthegirlisonlysixyearsold,sheknowsmorethan300ancientChinesepoems.(2)在英语中，表示“虽然······但是······”时，although/though不能和but同时使用。Althoughthemachineisold,itstillrunswell.=Themachineisold,butitstillrunswell.15.ItisgoodtorelaxbyusingtheInternetorwatchinggameshows,butwethinkthebestwaytorelaxisthroughexercise.(1)by在此处表示方式，作“通过”讲，后接名词、代词或动词-ing。Shemadethetoybyhand.Hemakesalivingbypainting.、Ilearntitbymyself.(2)through在此处作介词，表示方式，意为“以；凭借”。IknewthisnewsthroughtheInternet.【易混辨析】across,through,over和cross的区别16.Exercisesuchasplayingsportsisfun,andyoucanspendtimewithyourfriendsandfamilyasyouplaytogether.(1)suchas【易混辨析】suchas和forexample的区别Shedoeswellinmanysubjects,suchasmath,physicsandchemistry.Trafficrulesshouldbeobeyed.Forexample,neverlistentomusicwhileridingabike.(2)spend在此作及物动词，意为“度过”。Onweekends,mybrotherandIoftenspendtimeonthebeach.Ispent150yuanonthispairofshoes.StephenHawkingspenthiswholelifestudytheuniverse.17.Oldhabitsdiehard.die常用作不及物动词，意为“消失；灭亡；死亡”其后不能直接跟宾语，且die是短暂性动词，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。如果表示状态，与一段时间连用，要用bedead。6,Thefamoussingerdiedattheageofthirty-two.Theflowerhasbeendeadformorethantendays.18.Janeisa16-year-oldhighshcoolstudentintheUnitedStates.16-year-old十六岁的复合形容词由两个或两个以上的单词构成，词与词之间常加连字符“-”。16-year-old是由“基数词+名词+形容词”构成的复合形容词，意为“十六岁的”，常用在名词前作定语，而16yearsold常用作表语。Ihavea16-year-oldsister.Mysisteris16yearsold.【拓展延伸】：复合形容词的其他形式(1)数字+-+名词:a3-yearplan(2)形容词+-+名词-ed:awarm-heartedwoman(3)形容词+-+动词-ing:agood-lookinggirl19.However,shehassomebadhabits,too.however与but均可意为“然而；不过”，表示转折。【易混辨析】however与butJacklikesplayingfootballbutIdon't.=Jacklikesplayingfootball.However,Idon't.20.SheusuallywatchesTVformorethantwohoursaday,andshesometimeseatshamburgers.morethan相当于over，意为“多于”，常用于数词前，反义短语为lessthan“少于”。Therearemorethan5,000studentsinourschool.【拓展】“nomorethan+数词”表示“至多；仅仅”。Therearenomorethantwobooksleft.21.None/nʌn/pron.没有一个【易混辨析】none与noone6