初中英语2025届中考语法复习动名词知识讲解

中考语法复习动名词知识讲解1.动名词概说动名词既具有动词的性质，又具有名词的性质，因此叫动名词。（归根结底动名词的词性是名词。）①动名词的动词性质表现在，它可以组成动名词短语，如：Myjobisarrangingtheagendaformyboss.我的工作是为老板安排日程。Ifinishedtheprojectinamonthbyworkingovertime.我靠加班在一个月内做完了这个项目。②动名词的名词性质表现在，它可以在句中用作主语、宾语等，如：Studyingabroadcanbeagoodexperience.留学是一种很好的经历。(作主语)Iregrettellingherthetruth.我后悔告诉她事实真相了。(作宾语)2.动名词的形式和特征①动名词的主动形式：doing②动名词的被动形式：beingdone⑤动名词的复合结构：形容词性物主代词/名词所有格/名词/宾格人称代词+动名词在动名词复合结构中，物主代词或名词所有格是动名词的逻辑主语，这种复合结构多用作主语或宾语，也可用作表语或介词宾语。当动名词短语作宾语，放在动词或介词后时，名词所有格或物主代词分别可用名词普通格或人称代词宾格代替，如：Shesuggestedusforgivinghim.她建议我们原谅他。(作宾语)HisnotknowingEnglishbroughthimalotofinconvenience．他不懂英语，这给他带来许多麻烦。(作主语)OuronlyworryisGeorge’soverestimatinghimself.我们唯一担心的就是乔治高估了他自己。(作表语)Istronglyobjecttoyourdeliveringthespeech.我强烈反对你发表讲话。(作介词宾语)3.动名词的用法①动名词作主语Retellingstoriesisveryuseful．复述故事是很有用的。Herresigningsurprisesus．她的辞职让我们很惊讶。在一些句子中，常用it作形式主语，将动名词放在句子后面。此类句型有：1)Itis+nouse/nogood/nofun/agreatpleasure/awasteoftime等名词+doingsth.Itisnogoodcrying.哭没有好处。Itisnousefixing.修也没有用。4,Itisgreatfuntraveling.旅行很有趣。Itisawasteoftimeplayingcomputergames.玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。2)Itis+useless+doingsth.Itisuselesscrying.哭没有用。②动名词作表语Seeingisbelieving.百闻不如一见。Myideaismakingaplanfirst.我的想法是先做一个计划出来。③动名词作宾语动名词既可作动词宾语也可作介词宾语，如：Ihaven'tfinishedreadingtoday'snewspaper．我还没读完今天的报纸。(动名词reading作动词finish的宾语)I'mafraidofgoingtothedentist．我害怕去看牙医。(动名词going作介词of的宾语)④动名词作定语Iwouldliketochooseahousewithaswimmingpool.我想选个带游泳池的房子。4.动名词与不定式的比较①动名词可以作介词的宾语，还可被名词所有格(或物主代词）修饰；不定式通常不作介词宾语，更不能被名词所有格(或物主代词)修饰。Sheisafraidofgoingtothedentist．(√)Sheisafraidoftogotothedentist．(×)她害怕去看牙医。②固定用法1）某些动词后只能加动名词，常见的此类动词有：admit，avoid，consider，delay，deny，enjoy，escape，finish，include，keep，miss，stop，suggest，giveup等，如：Ienjoydancing．(√)lenjoytodance．(×)我喜欢跳舞。2）某些动词后只能加不定式，常见的此类动词有：agree，ask，claim，choose，decide，demand，determine，expect，fail，hope，manage，offer，promise，quit，refuse，resolve，wish等，如：ldecidetoquitsmoking．(√)ldecidequittingsmoking．(X)我决定戒烟。3）某些动词后面既可加动名词也可加不定式，常她的此类动词有：attempt，begin，continue，deserve，fear，forget，help，intend，learn，like，love，mean，need，prefer，regret，remember，start，try等，如：Shecannothelpcrying．她不禁哭了起来。Shecannothelptocook．她不能帮忙做饭。5.动名词固定搭配1.considerdoingsth.考虑做某事4,IconsiderwaitingabitlongerbeforeIgiveup.2.practicedoingsth.练习做某事practicedoingthistypeofbreathingseveraltimesperday.3.imaginedoingsth.想象做某事Ican'timaginemarryingsuchawoman.4.finishdoingsth.完成做某事Let'sfinishdoingtheworktogether.5.giveupdoingsth.放弃做某事Myfatherhasgivenupsmoking.6.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事Ienjoyplayingbasketball.7.keepdoingsth.一直做某事IkeptstudyingEnglishfor1houryesterdayevening.8.putoffdoingsth.推迟做某事Sometimesstudentsputoffdoingtheirhomeworkuntilthelastminute.9.admitdoingsth.承认做某事Headmittedmakingthemistake.10.suggestdoingsth.建议做某事Isuggesttravelingabroadnextmonth.11.riskdoingsth.冒险做某事Towinthegamble,heriskedlosing100dollars.12.advisedoingsth.建议做某事Headvisesgoingtoseeamovie.13.allowdoingsth.允许做某事Wedon'tallowsmokingintheclassroom.14.avoiddoingsth.避免做某事Trytoavoiddrinkingandsmoking.15.appreciatedoingsth.感谢做某事Weshallappreciatehearingfromyouagain.16.delaydoingsth.拖延做某事Whyhaveyoudelayedwritingtohim17.denydoingsth.否认做某事Johndeniedsigningthecontract.18.escapedoingsth.逃脱做某事Heescapedbeingkilled.19.dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事Hedislikesdancinginpublic.20.discussdoingsth.讨论做某事Iliketodiscussdoingsportswithmyfriends.21.excusedoingsth.原谅做某事Hecan'texcusecominglateforwork.22.fancydoingsth.想象/喜爱做某事Areyoufancybuyingsomefoodwithme?23.minddoingsth.介意做某事Wouldyoumindopeningwindow?24.mentiondoingsth.提及做某事HementionedwatchingTV.25.forbiddoingsth.禁止做某事4,Theyforbidparkinghere.26.missdoingsth.错过做某事Thethiefmissedbeingcaughtyesterday.27.prohibitdoingsth.禁止/阻止做某事Thenewrulesprohibitsmoking.28.permitdoingsth.允许做某事Wedonotpermitsmokingintheoffice.4