高中英语2025届高考词汇讲解系列0328（共6个）

高考英语词汇讲解一、investment，memorial【活学活用】几道小题掌握常考词汇、短语、句型；以练代背记单词，眼过千遍不如手过一遍。investmentn.(themoneythatyouinvest)投资额;投资;(时间、精力的)投入Youneedtohaverealisticexpectationsofthereturnsfrominvestments.你需要对投资回报有现实的预期。(1)investv.投资investtime/energy/money/…in(doing)sth把时间/精力/钱/……投入……中investin投资到……(2)investorn.投资者【佳句背诵】(1)Therehasbeenasignificantinvestmentoftimeandenergyinordertomaketheprojectasuccess.为了使这个项目成功,(人们)已经投入了大量的时间和精力。(2)Despitethepoorserviceofthehotel,themanagerisunwillingtoinvestinsufficienttrainingforhisstaff.尽管旅馆服务不好,经理还是不愿在给员工足够的培训方面投资。【活学活用】[单句填空]①Theoldladyacceptedthesuggestionthatsheshouldbuyahouseasan　　(invest).②Witharound$500,000　　(invest)sofar,apromisingsystemisjustemergingfromthelaboratory.③WhileMrJohnsonhasconsiderablemoney　　(invest)inthecompany,hehasnosayinitsmanagement.[完成句子]④Therecenteconomicsituationtakenintoconsideration,themanagerhascutdownontheamountofmoney　　thestockmarket.考虑到最近的经济形势,经理减少了即将投入股票市场的金额。⑤Ourteacheroftentellsusthatthepresentefforts　　inourfuturewillberewardedsoonerorlater.我们的老师经常告诉我们现在为将来付出的努力迟早会得到回报。【答案】①investment②invested③invested④that/whichwillbeinvestedin⑤(that/which)weareinvestingmemorialn.(astatue,stone,etc.thatisbuiltinordertoremindpeopleofanimportantpasteventorofafamouspersonwhohasdied)纪念碑(或像等);纪念物;纪念品adj.(createdordoneinordertoremembersbwhohasdied)纪念的;悼念的Whatthesurvivorsattemptedtodowastobuildamemorialtotheheroeswhosaved9,theirlives.幸存者们试图做的是为拯救他们生命的英雄们建一座纪念碑。(1)amemorialto………的纪念碑/纪念物memorialhall纪念馆;纪念堂memorialmeeting/service追悼会;纪念会(2)memorize/sevt.记住,熟记;记忆(3)memorableadj.难忘的;值得纪念的(4)memoryn.记忆,记忆力inmemoryof为了纪念;作为对某人的纪念【活学活用】[单句填空]①Themuseumwillserveasamemorial　　themillionswhopassedthroughEllisIsland.②Themost　　(memory)partofourtripwasavisittohistoricQuebecCity.③Thecrowdobservedaminute'ssilenceinmemory　　thosewhohaddied.[完成句子]④Thepaintingwillbe　　aremarkablewoman.这幅油画将成为对一位杰出女性的永久纪念物。⑤Thefactisthatmanyofstudents　　butarestillhavingahardtimeinrememberingthem.事实上,很多学生花很长的时间去背单词,但是仍然很难记住。【答案】①to②memorable③of④alasting/permanentmemorialto⑤spendhoursinmemorizingvocabularies二、while引导的让步状语从句，notjust…but…aswell【活学活用】几道小题掌握常考词汇、短语、句型；以练代背记单词，眼过千遍不如手过一遍。Whilehispaintingsstillhadreligiousthemes,theyshowedrealpeopleinarealenvironment.虽然他的画仍是宗教主题,但它们展示了真实环境中的真实人物。while引导的让步状语从句句型公式句式点拨while引导的让步状语从句常置于句首,while的意思相当于although/though,意为“虽然,尽管”。此外,while还可以引导时间状语从句,意为“当……时”,或用作并列连词,表示前后分句的对比、转折,意为“而……”。归纳拓展让步状语从句的其他表达:(1)though/although表示“虽然,纵然”之意;(2)evenif,eventhough表示“即使……”,“纵使……”之意;(3)whether…or…/ornot…表示“不管是……还是……”之意;(4)“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词-ever”表示“不管……都……”之意;9,(5)as引导的让步状语从句必须以部分倒装的形式出现,被倒装的部分可以是表语、状语或动词原形。如:Angryashewas,hecouldn'thelpsmiling.尽管他很生气,他还是忍不住笑了。【活学活用】[单句填空]①InChina,there'splentyofraininthesoutheast,　　there'slittleinthenorthwest.②Wewillgoonwiththework,　　wecanfindthenecessarytoolsornot.[完成句子]/句式改写③　　,theygotalongquitewellinthesummercamp.(while)学生们尽管来自不同的国家,但是他们在夏令营相处得很融洽。④　　thetaskwasdifficult,theymanagedtoaccomplishitintime.→　　,theymanagedtoaccomplishitintime.(用as倒装句改写)虽然这个任务很难,他们还是设法按时完成了。【答案】①while②whether③Whilethestudentscamefromdifferentcountries④Although/While/Eventhough；DifficultasthetaskwasHesoughttoshownotjusttheouterimageofhissubjects,buttheirinnerwarmthandhumanityaswell.他力求既表现出绘画对象的外在形象,又表现出他们内心的温暖和人性。notjust…but…aswell句型公式句式点拨句中的“notjust…but…aswell”表示“不仅……,而且……”,相当于“notonly…but(also)…”,用来连接两个并列的句子成分,当连接两个并列主语时,谓语动词必须与靠近的主语的人称和数保持一致。归纳拓展适用于就近原则的结构:not…but…;either…or…;neither…nor…;notonly…butalso…;…or…等。【活学活用】[单句填空]①Notjustthismanager　　hissonaswelloftenplaystennisontheweekend.②Sincetheearthquakeoccurred,notjustthedoctorbutherworkmatesaswell　　(engage)insavingtheinjuredroundtheclock.③Eitheryouortheheadmaster　　(be)tohandouttheprizestothesegiftedstudentsatthemeeting.[完成句子]④Sunglassesare　　forfashion　　theycanalsoserveasagreatwaytoprotectyoureyesightfromultravioletrays.太阳镜不仅仅是为了时尚,也是保护视力免受紫外线伤害的好方法。⑤Recentresearchindicatesthatthemobilephoneis9,changing　　.最近的研究表明,手机不仅改变了我们的文化,也改变了我们的身形。【答案】①but②havebeenengaged③is④notjust/only；but⑤notonlyourculture,buttheshapesofourbodies(aswell)三、convey【活学活用】几道小题掌握常考词汇、短语、句型；以练代背记单词，眼过千遍不如手过一遍。conveyvt.(tomakeideas,feelings,etc.knowntoanotherperson)传达,表达;(totakesb/sth;tocarrysb/sth;totransportsb/sth)运送Inthiswork,Monet'saimwastoconveythelightandmovementinthescene—thesubjectiveimpressionthescenegavehim—butnotadetailedrecordofthesceneitself.在这幅作品中,莫奈的目的是传达场景中的光和运动——即场景给他的主观印象,而不是对场景本身的详细记录。conveysthtosb向某人传达某事conveysth/sbtosomeplace把某物/某人送到某地conveysthfrom…to…把某物从……运送到……conveyone'sfeelings/meanings表达某人的感情/意思【佳句背诵】(1)Apaintingistoconveynotonlytheappearanceofanobjectbutalsoanartist'sfeelings.一幅画不仅要表现出物体的外观,而且要表达出画家的感情。(2)Youmayrelyonitthatyourbaggagewillbeconveyedfromtheairporttoyourhotel.你可以放心,你的行李将从机场运到你的旅馆。【活学活用】[单句填空]①SherealizedthatJohnsonwastryingtoconvey　　herthathewaslonely.②Duringbattle,messages　　(convey)bythecarrierpigeongotthroughmoreoftenthanthosesentbyplane.③Theytookamorereasonableapproach,　　(convey)totheirchildrenhowsuccessatschoolcouldimprovetheirlives.[完成句子]④IwassoexcitedatthenewsthatIwasadmittedtotheuniversitythatI　　.听到我被大学录取的消息,我特别激动,几乎无法用言语表达我的感受。⑤Iamwritingto　　yourkindhelpandcareduringmystayinDenmark,withoutwhichIwouldn'thaveenjoyedthetripsomuch.(应用文写作之感谢信)我写信是为了表达我对你在我在丹麦期间给予的善意帮助和照顾的真诚感谢,如果没有你的帮助和照顾,我不会如此享受这次旅行。9,【答案】①to②conveyed③conveying④couldhardlyconveymyfeelingsinwords⑤conveymysinceregratitude/appreciationfor四、purchase，emerge【活学活用】几道小题掌握常考词汇、短语、句型；以练代背记单词，眼过千遍不如手过一遍。influentialvt.(tobuysomething)购买;采购n.购买;购买的东西Kings,nobles,andpeopleofhighrankwantedtopurchaseaccuratepicturesofthemselvesandthepeopletheyloved.国王、贵族和地位高的人想要购买画有他们自己和他们所爱之人的精确画像。(1)purchasesthfor…花(多少钱)购得某物(2)makeapurchase采购agoodpurchase/bargain便宜货forthepurchaseof…为了购买……(3)purchasern.买方;购买人【佳句背诵】I'llpurchaseagiftformygrandmafromasupermarket.Butperhapsitmaybemoreconvenientformetomakeapurchaseonline.我要从超市给我奶奶买一份礼物。但也许我从网上买更方便。【活学活用】[单句填空]①Thegroupisthesecondlargest　　(purchase)offreshfruitintheUS.②Iboughtasecond-handcomputerforonly20dollarsinasale;itwasreally　　goodpurchase.③Thepricesofgoods,　　(purchase)fromtheInternet,canbelowerthanthosefromcommercialstores.[完成句子]④Thenewcouplespentsomemoney　　thefurniturefortheirnewhouse.这对新婚夫妇花了一些钱购置新房子里的家具。⑤Thisisafreewebsite,　　almostallkindsofproducts.这是一个免费的网站,你可以在那里购买几乎所有种类的产品。【答案】①purchaser②influential③beinginfluenced④forthepurchaseof⑤whereyoucanpurchaseemergevi.&vt.(toappearbycomingoutofsomethingorfrombehindsomething)出现;浮现;暴露Fromthis,ImpressionismemergedinFrance.由此,印象主义在法国出现。(1)emergefrom从……出现/浮现/露出9,(2)emergingadj.新兴的;发展初期的(3)emergencen.出现,浮现;发生;露头withtheemergenceof随着……的出现/涌现(4)emergencyn.紧急情况;突发事件incaseofemergency万一遇到紧急情况【佳句背诵】Soonafter,youngChinesemoderndancersbegantoemergeontheworldstagewiththeiruniquestyle.不久,年轻的中国现代舞蹈演员便开始以独特的风姿在世界舞坛崭露头角。【活学活用】[单句填空]①Theworldshouldworktogetheranddistributeinformationaboutnewand　　(emerge)diseasethreatsaroundtheworld.②Theannualcompetitionhasencouragedthe　　(emerge)ofseveraltalentedyoungmusicians.③Knowingbasicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklyto　　(emerge).[完成句子]/一句多译④Aftertheshowerthesun　　behindtheclouds.阵雨过后,太阳从云后探了出来。⑤随着小汽车的涌现,交通冲突和交通事故的发生率也在上升。→Therateoftrafficconflictsandaccidentsisontherise　　cars.(emergencen.)→Therateoftrafficconflictsandaccidentsisontherise　　.(emergevi.)【答案】①emerging②emergence③emergencies④emergedfrom⑤withtheemergenceof；ascarsemerge五、influential，rank【活学活用】几道小题掌握常考词汇、短语、句型；以练代背记单词，眼过千遍不如手过一遍。influentialadj.(havingalotofinfluenceonsomeoneorsomething)有很大影响力的;有支配力的InfluentialpainterssuchasLeonardodaVinci(1452—1519),Michelangelo(1475—1564),andRaphael(1483—1520)builtuponGiottoandMasaccio'sinnovationstoproducesomeofthegreatestartthatEuropehadeverseen.一些颇具影响力的画家,例如莱昂纳多·达·芬奇(1452年—1519年)、米开朗琪罗(1475年—1564年)和拉斐尔(1483年—1520年),在乔托和马萨乔的创新基础上继续发展,创作出欧洲前所未见的一些最伟大的艺术作品。(1)beinfluentialin在某方面有影响(2)influencen.影响,作用;(对……)有影响的人(或物)v.影响haveaninfluence/impact/effecton/upon对……有影响undertheinfluenceof受……的影响9,【佳句背诵】Mary,whoisanoutstandingpersoninthemedicalworld,isextremelyinfluentialinraisingpeople'sawarenessofthedisease.玛丽是医学界的杰出人物,在提高人们对疾病的认识方面有着极其重要的影响。【活学活用】[单句填空]①Myphysicsteacherismyrolemodel,whoseinfluence　　mehastodowithmydecision.②EdgarSnowwasanAmericanjournalistwhowrote　　(influence)booksandarticlesaboutChinainthe1930s.③Sopowerfulareadvertisementsthatnoonecanavoid　　(influence)bytheminmodernsociety.[完成句子]/一句多译④Chaplinwasnotjustagenius;hewasamong　　infilmhistory.卓别林不仅是个天才,还是电影史上最有影响力的人物之一。⑤这位年轻的艺术家在父亲的影响下,从大自然中汲取灵感,形成了自己独特的艺术风格。→Theyoungartist,　　hisfather,drewtheinspirationfromnatureandformedhisuniqueartisticstyle.(influencen.)→Theyoungartist,　　,drewtheinspirationfromnatureandformedhisuniqueartisticstyle.(influencevt.)【答案】①on/upon②influential③beinginfluenced④themostinfluentialfigures⑤undertheinfluenceof；(whowas)influencedbyhisfatherrankn.地位;级别;行列vt.&vi.(togivesb/sthaparticularpositiononascaleaccordingtoquality,importance,success,etc.)把……分等级;使排成行Kings,nobles,andpeopleofhighrankwantedtopurchaseaccuratepicturesofthemselvesandthepeopletheyloved.国王、贵族和地位高的人想要购买画有他们自己和他们所爱之人的精确画像。(1)socialrank社会等级ofhighrank级别高的;地位高的(2)rankamong跻身于……;属于……之列rank(sth)as…(把某事物)评为……;(把某事物)列为……rank/berankedfirst/second…排名第一/第二……【佳句背诵】Chinesecalligraphy,likeChinesepainting,ranksamongthemostimportantoftraditionalChineseart.中国书法和中国绘画一样,是中国传统艺术中最重要的部分。【活学活用】[单句填空]①ThereisnodoubtthatShakespeareranks　　thegreatestwritersinhistory.9,②Sincethe1930s,cancerhasalwaysbeenranked　　thediseasepeoplearemostconcernedabout.③TorontoisthelargestcityinCanada,　　(rank)amongthemostmulticulturalcitiesintheworld.[完成句子]④Chinaisabundantinrareearthresources,withitsreserves　　intheworld.中国稀土资源非常充足,储量居世界第一。⑤Learningthatyou　　heldlastweek,Iamwritingtooffermysincerecongratulationstoyou.(应用文写作之祝贺信)得知你在上周举行的英语演讲比赛中排名第一,我写信向你表示衷心的祝贺。【答案】①among②as③ranking④rankingfirst⑤rankedfirstintheEnglishspeechcompetition六、inparticular，set…apartfrom【活学活用】几道小题掌握常考词汇、短语、句型；以练代背记单词，眼过千遍不如手过一遍。inparticular尤其;特别Inparticular,hispaintingsaresetapartfromotherpaintingsbytheirrealistichumanfacesanddeepemotionalimpact.他的绘画作品尤其因逼真的人脸和强烈的情感冲击而有别于其他绘画作品。(1)particularadj.特别的;特定的;格外的beparticularabout…对……讲究、挑剔(2)particularly(=inparticular)adv.特别,尤其;特别地;明确地【活学活用】[单句填空]①Heisveryparticular　　thekitchen—everythinghastobeperfectlycleanandinitsplace.②Wedostillneedthehumantouchorthehumaninteraction,　　(particular)whenwearedepressed.③Hisstatementreferstopeopleingeneral,nottoanyone　　particular.[完成句子]/句式改写④AsaChinese　　,Iwouldliketointroducemyfavouritecity—Beijingtoyou.作为一个对旅游特别感兴趣的中国人,我想向大家介绍我最喜欢的城市——北京。⑤MrsGreen　　herhouseworkthatfewservantswanttoworkforher.→　　herhouseworkthatfewservantswanttoworkforher.(用倒装句改写)格林太太对家务活太挑剔了,以至于几乎没有佣人想给她干活。【答案】①about9,②particularly　③in④whoisinterestedintravellinginparticular/whoisparticularlyinterestedintravelling⑤issoparticularabout；SoparticularisMrsGreenaboutset…apartfrom使与众不同;使突出;使优于……Inparticular,hispaintingsaresetapartfromotherpaintingsbytheirrealistichumanfacesanddeepemotionalimpact.他的绘画作品尤其因逼真的人脸和强烈的情感冲击而有别于其他绘画作品。setaboutdoingsth开始做某事setouttodosth开始做某事setaside放在一边;为……节省或保留(钱或时间);暂时不考虑setdown写下;记下setoff出发;引发【佳句背诵】(1)Herclearandelegantwritingsetsherapartfromotherjournalists.她的文章清丽典雅,使她比其他新闻记者高出一筹。(2)Whatsetshimapartfrommostengineersishisconstantdesiretoinnovateandexperiment.他与大多数工程师的不同之处在于他不断地渴望创新和实验。【活学活用】用set短语的适当形式填空①Hehadaparticularvoice,which　　him　　othersinoursmalltown.②Isincerelyhopeyoucan　　sometimeforourEnglishspeechcontestandbeajudge.③Tomakehisfortuneabroad,he　　makingthenecessarypreparations.[完成句子]④Park'sworks　　typicalmodernartinthatthey'reregardedasanextensionoftraditionalculture.帕克的作品与典型的现代艺术不同,因为它们被视为传统文化的延伸。⑤（）thecrowdisvitalwhenyouarelookingforanewjob.当你在寻找新工作的时候,让自己与众不同是至关重要的。【答案】①set；apartfrom②setaside③setsabout④aresetapartfrom⑤Settingyourselfapartfrom9