初中英语新人教版八年级上册Unit 1 Happy Holiday语法和写作（2025秋）

八年级英语上册Unit1语法和写作一、语法不定代词【含义】不定代词：不指明替代某个（些）人、某个（些）事物的代词。复合不定代词：由some-、any-、no-、every-、加上-one、-body、-thing等构成的不定代词。【种类】常见复合不定代词4SomeSomeoneSomebodySomethingAnyAnyoneAnybodyAnythingEveryEveryoneEverybodyEverythingNoneNooneNobodyNothing4【功能】1.复合不定代词相当于名词，在句中可以作主语、宾语和表语，但不能作定语。Eg:Thereissomeoneoutsidethedoor.有人在门外。（主语）Idon’thaveanythingtosaytoday.今天我没有什么要说的。（宾语）Moneyisnoteverything.钱不是一切。（表语）2.复合不定代词被形容词、动词不定式等修饰时，需要位于复合不定代词后面。Eg:Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.我由一些重要的事要告诉你。3.复合不定代词作主语时，谓语动词须用单数。Eg:Everyoneknowsher.每个人都认识她。4.表示人的复合不定代词后加’s构成所有格；表示物的复合不定代词用of结构表示从属关系。Eg:Isthisanybody’sseat?这儿有人坐吗？Ibelieveyouhavesomethingofmine.我想你拿了我什么东西。5.Some-构成的复合不定代词常用于肯定句中；any-构成的复合不定代词用于否定句或疑问句中。Eg:Hefoundsomethingstrangebutinteresting.他发现一些奇怪但是有趣的东西。IsthereanythingIcandoforyou?有什么我能为你做的吗？（二）一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态。（1）结构：主语+动词过去式+其他Eg:IwenttoBeijingyesterday.我昨天去北京了。（2）时间标志词：yesterday(昨天);lastnight(昨晚);lastweek(上周);lastmonth4,(上个月);lastyear(去年);in+过去时间；时间+ago(...以前)（3）动词过去式的规则变化：1.直接加edEg:clean--cleaned2.以e结尾直接加dEg:like--liked3.重读闭音节中，双写结尾字母加edEg:stop--stopped4.辅音加y结尾，将y变i加edEg:study--studied（4）句式变化在句式变化中，如果有be动词was/were，在其后加not变为否定句，将其提前变为疑问句；如果没有be动词，则在谓语动词前加didn't变为否定句，在句首加did变为一般疑问句，但要注意加完did后要将谓语动词变回原形。Eg:1.ShewasborninBeijing.她出生于北京。--否定句：Shewasn’tborninBeijing.她不生于北京。--一般疑问句：WassheborninBeijing?她生于北京吗？--肯定回答：Yes,shewas.否定回答：No,shewasn’t.2.Iwenttoafarmlastweek.我上周去了农场。--否定句：Ididn’tgotoafarmlastweek.我上周没去农场。--一般疑问句：Didyougotoafarmlastweek?你上周去农场了吗？--肯定回答：Yes,Idid.否定回答：No,Ididn’t.特殊疑问句结构：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句？Eg:Wheredidyougolastnight?“你昨天晚上去哪里了？”常见特殊疑问词：what询问物体或事件；who询问人；where询问地点；when询问时间；How询问情况进展或身体情况Eg:Whatdidyoudolastnight?你昨晚做什么了？Whodidyougotherewith?你和谁去的那？Wheredidyougolastnight?你昨晚去哪了？Whendidyougobacklastnight?你昨晚什么时候回来的？Howwasyourweekend?你周末过得怎么样？【即学即用】(1)Isthere________intoday’snewspaper?4,A.somethingnewB.newsomethingC.anythingnewD.newanything(2)I’mfull.Iwant________toeat.A.everythingB.anythingC.somethingD.nothing(3)Thereis_______wrongwithmycomputer.Itdoesn’twork.A.somethingB.anythingC.everythingD.nothing(4)______ishere.Let’sbeginourmeeting.A.SomeoneB.AnyoneC.EveryoneD.Noone(5)Listen!_______isknockingatthedoor.A.SomeoneB.AnyoneC.EveryoneD.Noone(6)TonyandTom______tothezooand______somepandastherelastweek.A.go;sawB.go;seeC.went;seeD.went;saw(7)______you______yourhomeworklastnight?A.Did;doB.Do;doC.Were;doD.Are;doing(8)--Whocookedthelunchtoday?--I______.A.didB.doesC.wasD.am(9)--Whatdidyoudolastweekend?--I______applesinthemountainwithmyfriends.A.pickingB.picksC.pickD.picked(10)--Didthethieves______intothecar?--No,they_______.A.fell;didn’tB.fall;didC.jump;didn’tD.jump;did答案：CDACADAADC二、写作本单元写作主题为介绍“假期的故事”例如关于“长城的旅行”（一）常用短语1.GototheGreatWall去长城2.Gotherebybus/subway/coach...乘坐公交车/地铁/客车...去那3.Beautifulscenery美丽的风景4.Beamazedby...被...惊讶5.Takequiteafewphotos拍了些照片6.Haveagoodtime玩得高兴（二）常用句型1.Itwasfinethatday.那天天气很好。2.Thereweremanyothervisitorsthere.那有许多其他的游客。3.Thetimeflewby,andsoonwehadtogoback.时光飞逝，很快我们不得不回去。（三）写作思路第一步：介绍姓名第二步：介绍时间和地点第三步：介绍旅行期间的见闻第四步：表达旅行的感想（四）范文ThevisittotheGreatWallMynameis...andIliketravelingverymuch.Lastsummer,IwenttotheGreatWallwithmyfamily.Itwasfinethatday.Wewenttherebybusearlyinthemorning.Whenwegotthere,4,thereweremanyothervisitorsthere.WhenmyfamilyandIwentontotheGreatWall,wesawbeautifulscenery.Weallwereamazedbyhowbeautifulitwas.Wetookquiteafewphotosthere.Wehadagoodtimethere.Thetimeflewby,andsoonwehadtogoback.Iwastiredaftertraveling,butIreallyenjoyedvisitingtheGreatWall.4