山东省烟台市2022-2023学年高二英语下学期期中试题（Word版附解析）

2022—2023学年度第二学期期中学业水平诊断高二英语注意事项1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whattypeofartdoesthewomanfindbeautiful?A.Traditionalart.B.ModernartC.Realisticart.2.Howwillthewomanhelptheman?A.Bygettinghimsomethingtodrink.BByturningonthemusic.C.Bydoinghiswork.3.Whoarethespeakerswaitingfor?A.Theirco-workers.B.Someartists.C.Theirguide.4.Whatisthemandoing?A.Doingsomeshopping.B.OrderingfoodC.Cookingameal.1015.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Fivecoursesmaybetoomany.B.Itwouldbewisertotakemorecourses.C.Onlyfourcourseswillbeofferedinthenewterm.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdoesthewomanwanttoorderatfirst?A.Orangejuice.B.Apizza.C.Lemontea.7.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?ABringthewoman’sfood.B.Takethewoman’sorder.C.Introducethemealdeal.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8.Whoistheman?A.Ananimalexpert.B.Ateacher.C.Adesigner.9.Whatdoesthegirlthinkisdifficult?A.Tolearnaboutallkindsofanimals.B.Tousethescissorscorrectly.C.Tomakeapaperelephant10Whatistheconversationmainlyabout?A.Wildelephants.B.Schoolsupplies.C.Paperfoldingart.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。11.Whatisthewomandoing?A.Receivingacustomer.B.Promotingherproducts.C.Answeringaphonecall.12.Whydoesthewomanapologize?A.Sheputdowntheman’sinformationwrongly.B.Theyareshortofteaandcoffee.C.Herworkmatemadeamistake.13.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Checkthewoman’sidentity.B.Gotothewaitingroom.C.Makeacomplaint.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14.Howdoesthewomanfeelatfirst?A.Hopeful.B.Terrible.C.Happy.15.Whatisthemantryingtotellthewoman?A.Factsaboutcamels.B.Experiencesinthedesert.C.Storiesaboutsandstorms.16.Whatdoesthewomanthinkcamelshate?A.Beinginthesandeveryday.B.Carrying200kilosontheirbacks.C.Drinking180litersofwaterinonego.17.Whatisthespeakers’destination?A.Abeach.B.Adesert.C.Ahotel.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。18.Whichplaceisthenextstop?A.TheLakePark.B.TheNationalZoo.C.TheScienceMuseum.19.What’stheweatherliketoday?A.Warm.B.Hot.C.Cold.20.Whenisthebesttimeforbirdwatchinginthisplace?A.Inlatespring.B.Inearlyautumn.C.Inwinter.第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AThisisthefive-daytripforthoseseekingashortgetawaytotheperfectislandofBali!Day1BeginYourStayatAlayaResort(酒店),UbudYourprivatedriverwillpickyouupfromtheairportanddriveyoutoAlayaResortinUbud,theculturalcenterofBali.Surroundedbyricefields,thehoteloffersanoutdoorpoolandafitnesscenter.Youcanspendtheafternoonenjoyingthesehotelfacilities.Intheeveningyoucanheadintothetownforlocalcuisinesandalookaroundthecraftshops.Day2ExploretheCentralBaliTemplesToday’sadventuretakesyoutothemust-seesiteswithaprivatedriver.Goingdownabout300steps,you’llgettoabreathtaking11th-centurycomplex—PuraGunungKawiTemple,thefinalrestingplaceofpastdominators,locateddeepinavalleyandknownasthe“ValleyoftheKings”.Visitstootherdifferenttempleswillbringaclose totheday.Day3SunsetPerformanceYou‘l1checkoutoftheAlayaResortUbudandtakethescenicdrivetoBenoainSouthBali.You’llvisitBalinesetemplesandwatchanamazingsunsetperformancebylocaldancers,whichischaracterizedbycomplicatedbodymovements,shiningcostumesandtheaccompanimentoftraditionalmusic.You’llstopoffatarestaurantandtryfoodtypicaloflocalcookery.Day4LeisureDayinBaliYouhavetheentiredayfreetorelaxinBali.Youcanchoosetoshopforlocalproductsorrelaxbythebeach.Atsunset,you’llnoticehoweveryonegathersatthebeachbarstowatchBali’strulymagicalsunset.Day5DepartureDayAfterbreakfastatyourhotel,aprivatedriverwilldriveyoutotheairport,markingtheendofyourtrip.1.WhatcanyoudoinAlayaResort?A.Visitcraftstores.B.Haveaswim.C.Watchliveconcerts.D.Enjoyfreedriveservice.2.WhatcanweknowaboutPuraGunungKawiTemple?A.It’stheburialgroundofancientrulers.B.It’sanewly-developedtouristattraction.C.It’sanannualvacationspotforroyalfamilies.D.It’sameetingplaceforleadersfromaroundtheglobe.3.Onwhichdaywillyouappreciatealocaldanceshow?A.Thefirstday.B.Thesecondday.C.Thethirdday.D.Thefourthday.【答案】1.B2.A3.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了完美的巴厘岛五天之旅。【1题详解】细节理解题。文章Day1BeginYourStayatAlayaResort(酒店),Ubud讲到“Surroundedbyricefields,thehoteloffersanoutdoorpoolandafitnesscenter.(酒店被稻田环绕，提供一个室外游泳池和一个健身中心)”可知在阿拉亚度假村可以游泳，故选B。【2题详解】推理判断题。文章Day2ExploretheCentralBaliTemples讲到“Goingdownabout300steps,you’llgettoa breathtaking11th-centurycomplex—PuraGunungKawiTemple,thefinalrestingplaceofpastdominators(沿着大约300级台阶往下走，你会到达一座令人惊叹的11世纪建筑群PuraGunungKawi寺庙，这是过去统治者的最后安息之地)”可知PuraGunungKawi寺庙是古代统治者的墓地，故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。文章Day3SunsetPerformance讲到“You’llvisitBalinesetemplesandwatchanamazingsunsetperformancebylocaldancers,whichischaracterizedbycomplicatedbodymovements,shiningcostumesandtheaccompanimentoftraditionalmusic.(您将参观巴厘岛的寺庙，观看当地舞者令人惊叹的日落表演，其特点是复杂的肢体动作、闪亮的服装和传统音乐的伴奏)”可知在第三天欣赏当地的舞蹈表演，故选C。BPlasticmobilephonescasesandsweetwrappers,somemorethan50yearsold,haverecentlybeenpulledfromtheseaoffthecoastofEastYorkshire.Thefindsleadtogrowingconcernamongscientistsaboutthelong-termimpactofplasticwasteonourseas,withresearchsuggestingittakesover400yearsforadrinksbottletobreakdowninthesea.Notpla,aLondon-basedstartupcompany,iscurrentlydesigningaseaweed-basedreplacementforsingle-useplasticpackaging.Foundedin2014,thecompanyhasbeensparingnoeffortstofurtherdevelopitsproductline.Thefirminitiallylookedtoseaweedasthesolutiontotheworld’swhitepollution,becauseitisplentiful,growsquickly,doesn’tcompetewithlandcropsanddoesn’tusechemicals,butabsorbscarbonfromtheair.DesigndirectorKarlijnSibbelsays,“Itcangrowintothesea,whereitactuallyhasmanypositivebenefitssoitcancreatenewecosystemsforotherorganismstogrowin.”Sibbelsaystheylooktonatureasinspiration“fortheidealpackaging”liketheskinonafruit.“Apeel(果皮)willeventuallybeusedasnutrientsbynature,disappearandbecomepartofthecycle.”“Theexcitingthingisthatthisisafilmthatcanreplacemostoftheflexiblepackagingyouseearound,”Sibbelsays.Thepotentialcontentscouldincludecoffeegroundsortoiletpaper.Forfooditems,suchasnoodles,theyhaveevenexperimentedwithaddingflavorstothepackaging,sothatdissolvingthebagcouldaddseasoningtothefood.“Youcancookwithit.Andyoucanreallystarttorethinkwhatwecandowiththesematerials,”sheexplained.Theapproachfeelsespeciallyrelevantastheworldiscomingtotermswiththeeffectsofdecadesofuncontrolledplasticproduction.Co-CEOPasliersays,“We’reexcitedtoseeourpowerinthefoodserviceindustryandlookingforwardtomovingintothefashionmarketsverysoon.4.WhatproblemismainlyreferredtoinParagraph1?A.Energycrisis.B.Foodwaste.C.Ecologicaldisaster.D.Whitepollution. 5.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?A.Howseaweedgrowsinthesea.B.Howseaweedabsorbscarbonfromtheair.C.Whyseaweedcancreatemorenewecosystems.D.Whyseaweedwaschosenasaplasticalternative.6.WhatistheidealpackagingaccordingtoSibbel?A.Itcanbedigestedbynature.B.It’sasthinasapeel.C.Itcantransformintochemicals.D.Itbearsaflavorenhancer.7.WhichwordcanbestdescribetheprospectsofNotpla?A.Doubtful.B.Uncertain.C.Promising.D.Darkening.【答案】4.D5.D6.A7.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了塑料污染日益严重的情况下，一家名叫Notpla的公司采用海藻作为塑料包装的替代品，这种方法不仅切实可行，而且对环境有益，应用领域很广泛。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Thefindsleadtogrowingconcernamongscientistsaboutthelong-termimpactofplasticwasteonourseas,withresearchsuggestingittakesover400yearsforadrinksbottletobreakdowninthesea.（这一发现让科学家们越来越担心塑料垃圾对海洋的长期影响，研究表明，一个饮料瓶在海洋中分解需要400多年的时间。）”可知，第一段主要介绍了塑料垃圾难以分解，会对海洋造成负面影响，即白色污染的问题。故选D项。【5题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段“Thefirminitiallylookedtoseaweedasthesolutiontotheworld’swhitepollution,becauseitisplentiful,growsquickly,doesn’tcompetewithlandcropsanddoesn’tusechemicals,butabsorbscarbonfromtheair.DesigndirectorKarlijnSibbelsays,“Itcangrowintothesea,whereitactuallyhasmanypositivebenefitssoitcancreatenewecosystemsforotherorganismstogrowin.”（该公司一开始就将海藻视为解决全球白色污染的办法，因为海藻资源丰富，生长迅速，不与陆地作物竞争，不使用化学品，但能从空气中吸收碳。设计总监KarlijnSibbel说：“它可以生长在海里，它实际上有很多积极的好处，可以为其他生物创造新的生态系统。”）”可知，该段落主要解释了利用海藻来解决白色污染的原因，不仅方案可行，而且还可以带来很多的好处。D项“为什么选择海藻作为塑料替代品”符合段落大意。故选D项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Sibbelsaystheylooktonatureasinspiration“fortheidealpackaging”liketheskinon afruit.“Apeel(果皮)willeventuallybeusedasnutrientsbynature,disappearandbecomepartofthecycle.”（Sibbel说，他们从自然中寻找“理想包装”的灵感，比如水果的表皮。“果皮最终会被自然用作营养物质，消失并成为循环的一部分。”）”可知，在Sibbel看来，理想的包装应该像果皮一样，最终被自然消化，进入循环的状态。故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Theapproachfeelsespeciallyrelevantastheworldiscomingtotermswiththeeffectsofdecadesofuncontrolledplasticproduction.Co-CEOPasliersays,“We’reexcitedtoseeourpowerinthefoodserviceindustryandlookingforwardtomovingintothefashionmarketsverysoon.（随着世界逐渐认识到几十年来不受控制的塑料生产的影响，这种方法显得尤为重要。联合首席执行官Paslier说：“我们很高兴看到我们在餐饮服务行业的实力，并期待着很快进入时尚市场。）”可知，Notpla公司的这种方法符合目前的世界发展趋势，除了应用于餐饮业，也有望应用于时装产业，因此公司的前景很好。故选C项。CScientistshaveusedlasers(激光)togenerateelectricityinthelabbefore.RecentlySwissresearchershavefoundinamountaintopexperimentthatapowerfullasercangrabholdofalightningflashandrerouteitspaththroughthesky,whichisthefirstdemonstrationthatthetechniqueworksinreal-worldstormsandcouldsomedayleadtobetterprotection,againstlightning.Today’smostcommonanti-lightningtechistheclassiclightningrod,ameters-longmetalpolerootedtotheground.Itattractslightningandsafelyguidestheelectricityintotheground.Buttheareaprotectedbyalightningrodislimitedbytherod’sheight.“Ifyouwanttoprotectlargebuildingslikeairports,youwouldneedalightningrodofkilometersize,”saysAurélienHouard,aFrenchphysicist.SuchatallmetalpolewouldbeimpracticalButalasercouldreachthatfar,stoppingdistantlightningflashesandtakingthemdowntoground-basedmetalrods.HouardandhiscolleaguestestedthisideaatopSäntismountaininSwitzerland.Theysetupahigh-powerlasernearatelecommunicationtowertippedwithalightningrodthatisstruckbylightningaround100timeseveryyear.Thetowerwashitbylightningfourtimeswhilethelaserwason.Oneofthosestrikeshappenedinafairlyclearsky,allowingtwohigh-speedcamerastoshootthemoment.Thoseimagesshowedlightningrushingdownfromthecloudsandfollowingthelaserlightforsome50meterstowardthetower’slightningrod.Tofollowthepathsofthethreeflashestheycouldn’tsee,theresearcherslookedatradiowavesgivenoffbythelightning.Thoseradiowavesshowedthethreestrikesfollowedthepathofthelasermuchmorecloselythanotherstrikesthathappenedwhenthelaserwasoff.Thissuggestedthatthelaserguidedthesethreestrikestothelightningrodaswell.It’sarealachievementbutthelaseristooexpensive.It’llprobablytakeadecadeormorebeforeit’strulyable toprotectlargebuildings.8.Whatnewfunctionoflaserswasdiscoveredintheoutdoorexperiment?A.Topreventstorms.B.Toproduceelectricity.C.Tosetofflightningflashes.D.Toredirectlightningstrikes.9.Whataspectofalightningroddoesparagraph2focuson?A.Itscategory.B.Itsstructure.C.Itsweakness.D.Itsinventor.10.Howdidtheresearcherstracktheinvisiblelightningflash?A.Throughcameras.B.Throughitsradiowaves.C.Throughatower.D.Throughalightningrod.11.Wherecanwemostprobablyreadthistext?A.Inapersonaldiary.B.Inapopularmagazine.C.Inaphysicstextbook.D.Inaclasspresentation.【答案】8.D9.C10.B11.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了科学家已经使用激光抓住闪电并改变其在天空中的路径来保护大型建筑。【8题详解】细节理解题。文章第一段讲到“RecentlySwissresearchershavefoundinamountaintopexperimentthatapowerfullasercangrabholdofalightningflashandrerouteitspaththroughthesky,whichisthefirstdemonstrationthatthetechniqueworksinreal-worldstormsandcouldsomedayleadtobetterprotection,againstlightning.(最近，瑞士研究人员在一项山顶实验中发现，强大的激光可以抓住闪电并改变其在天空中的路径，这首次证明了该技术在现实世界的风暴中有效，并有一天可以带来更好的防雷保护)”可知在户外实验中发现了激光的重新定向雷击新功能，故选D。【9题详解】主旨大意题。文章第二段讲到“Buttheareaprotectedbyalightningrodislimitedbytherod’sheight.(但避雷针保护的区域受到避雷针高度的限制)”可知第二段重点介绍了避雷针的弱点，故选C。【10题详解】细节理解题。文章倒数第二段讲到“Tofollowthepathsofthethreeflashestheycouldn’tsee,theresearcherslookedatradiowavesgivenoffbythelightning.(为了追踪他们看不见的三次闪光的路径，研究人员观察了闪电发出的无线电波。)”可知研究人员是通过它的无线电波追踪这种看不见的闪电的，故选B。【11题详解】 推理判断题。文章主要介绍了科学家已经使用激光抓住闪电并改变其在天空中的路径来保护大型建筑。文章第一段讲到“Scientistshaveusedlasers(激光)togenerateelectricityinthelabbefore.RecentlySwissresearchershavefoundinamountaintopexperimentthatapowerfullasercangrabholdofalightningflashandrerouteitspaththroughthesky(科学家以前曾在实验室中使用激光发电。最近，瑞士研究人员在一项山顶实验中发现，强大的激光可以抓住闪电，并改变其在天空中的路径)”可推测，文章最有可能出现在科学杂志上。故选B。DTheBritishmaybemadefunoffortheirweather-relatedsmalltalk,butarecentstudysuggeststhatjustfourminutesofchattingcanrevealaspectsofourpersonalityandinfluencesubsequentsocialinteractions.Researchersdivided338participantsintotwogroupsbeforemeetinginpersonandaskedeachparticipanttocompleteapersonalityandIQtest.Withineachgroup,participantswerepairedandeitherconversedbytextfor4minutesorhadnocontactwiththeirpartner.Participantswerethenrequiredtoinferaspectsoftheirpartner’spersonalityandpredictwhethertheywouldactcooperativelyorselfishlyintwomoney-basedstrategygames.Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedscoredhigherinpredictingtheirpartners’IQandpersonalitytestresponses,butwerealsomorelikelytoprojecttheirownpersonalitycharacteristicsontotheirpartners.“Ourresearchsuggeststhatinjustafewminutesofsmalltalk,webegintoformamentalmodelofthepersonwe’retalkingto,”saysProfessorSgroi.Participantsthenmetandplayedwiththeirconversationpartneror,inthecaseoftheno-contactgroup,metandplayedwithstrangers.Theresearchersthengaveeachparticipant£20andaskedthemtocontributetoajointpot(罐)sharedwiththeirpartners,anexperimentcalledthePublicGoodsGame.Theteamsayspeoplewhohavechattedwiththeirpartnersaremorelikelytocorrectlypredicttheircontributionstothepot.Inadditionthosewhochattedbeforehandcontributed30%morethanthosewhodidnot.Theresultsalsodependedontherelationshipstheyestablishedthroughsmalltalk.GeorgieNightingall,founderofTriggerConversations,saysthatsmalltalkisagreatwaytoencouragecooperationintheworkplace.“Peoplearebadatsmalltalkbecauseitfeelslikethereisnoendtoit.Itcanfeelawkwardandpointlessonceyouhavealltheinformationyouneed.Whileaskingquestionshelpsbuildrelationshipswithpeople,peoplewillbehappytohaveachatifyoushowthatyoucareaboutothers.Myadviceistobesincere(真诚)andconsiderate.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“reveal”meaninParagraph1? A.Contributeto.B.Giveaway.C.Limit.D.Change.13.Whathelpsconversationpartnerspredicttheircontributionscorrectly?A.Theircommoninterestsandhobbies.B.Thedifferencesoftheirpersonalities.C.Theaccuratejudgmentsofeachother’sIQ.D.Theirpreviousimpressionsandconnections.14.WhatdoesNightingallsuggestwedotoinspireotherstocommunicatewithus?A.Avoidaskingthemquestions.B.Shareourpersonalprivacy.CShowgenuineconcernforthem.D.Startwithourstrengthsandvirtues.15.What’sthepurposeofthistext?A.Topresentaresearchoutcome.B.Todescribeaculturalphenomenon.C.ToassessBritishpeople’ssocialskills.D.Tomotivatepeopletointeractbytexting.【答案】12.B13.D14.C15.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一项研究表明，仅仅四分钟的闲聊就可以揭示我们的性格，并影响随后的社交互动，专家由此建议我们在谈话中表现出真诚和体贴的特质。【12题详解】词义猜测题。根据第三段中“Theresultsshowedthatthosewhochattedscoredhigherinpredictingtheirpartners’IQandpersonalitytestresponses（结果显示，那些聊天的人在预测对方的智商和性格测试结果方面得分更高）”和“Ourresearchsuggeststhatinjustafewminutesofsmalltalk,webegintoformamentalmodelofthepersonwe’retalkingto（我们的研究表明，在短短几分钟的闲聊中，我们就开始形成一个与我们交谈的人的心理模型）”可知，一项研究结果表明，通过四分钟闲聊，我们的性格就会透露出来，被交谈的另一方知晓。因此reveal意为“透露，揭示”，与giveaway意思相近。故选B项。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中“Ourresearchsuggeststhatinjustafewminutesofsmalltalk,webegintoformamentalmodelofthepersonwe’retalkingto（我们的研究表明，在短短几分钟的闲聊中，我们就开始形成一个与我们交谈的人的心理模型）”和倒数第二段中“Theresultsalsodependedontherelationshipstheyestablishedthroughsmalltalk.（结果还取决于他们通过闲聊建立的关系。）” 可知，通过对话，我们得以了解对方的性格等心理特质，并建立了一定的关系，从而可以比较准确地预测对方的行为。由此推断，对话中建立的印象和联系帮助预测得更为准确，A项“共同的兴趣和爱好”文中未提及，B项“性格的不同”也未提及，C项“对于彼此智商的准确判断”也是对话的结果，与预测捐款这样的社会性行为无关。故选D项。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Whileaskingquestionshelpsbuildrelationshipswithpeople,peoplewillbehappytohaveachatifyoushowthatyoucareaboutothers.Myadviceistobesincere(真诚)andconsiderate.（虽然问问题有助于与人建立关系，但如果你表现出关心他人，人们会很乐意和你聊天。我的建议是要真诚和体贴。）”可知，Nightingall建议通过做到真诚和体贴来与他人建立良好的关系。故选C项。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了一项研究表明，仅仅四分钟的闲聊就可以揭示我们的性格，并影响随后的社交互动，具体陈述了研究的对象、过程和数据来解释这一研究结果。因此，A项“呈现一项研究结果”符合文章的目的。故选A项。第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Childhoodisatimewhencreativityisreallyexpanded.Artsandcraftsareperfectopen-endedactivitiesforchildrenwhoareexploringtheworldaroundthem.____16____Creativeexpressionwillalsoimpacttheiracademicperformancepositively.Thereareplentyofwaystogetkids’creativityartisticallyinspired.____17____Manyadultshaveapassionforfinearts.So,shareinterestsbyworkingtogetheronaprojectororlisteningtomusicwithyourchild.Youcanalsotakethemtoenjoycontemporaryart,classicalart,orinteractiveexhibitsyoulove.____18____However,aschildrengetolder,itcanbedifficultforthemtotakethetimeforcreativity.Fortunately,byremainingsupportiveandflexible,theymaybeinspiredtofollowtheirpassionintoadulthood.Betweensportspracticeandhomework,makesurekidshaveenoughtimetoexpressthemselves.Givethemadesignatedtoy-freespaceorsetupadrawingboardforthemtocreate.Askquestionsthatinspireopen-endedanswersinsteadof“yes”or“no”ones.Forexample,whatmaterialsdoyoufeel?Howwouldtheprojectbedifferentifyouusedpopsiclesticksinsteadofpipecleaners?____19____Whatkindofartsuppliesdoweneedforthecraft?Teachingkidsthatthere’relotsofwaystotackleproblemswillnotonlyservethemcreativelybutcanhelpbuildmanydifferentskillsets.Ineverysinglestageoflife,everyoneistaskedwithsolvingproblems.____20____Whetherinacademiaortheworkforce,itfacilitatesnewneural(神经)connectionsinthebrain. A.Learningapproachescount.B.Parentscanleadbyexample.C.Artisanaturalpartofchildhood.D.Doingitcreativelyisthenameofthegame.E.Doesthiscolormatchtheelectricatmosphere?F.Howcouldwemakethemodelintoadifferentshape?G.Theyenablekidstoimprovetheirabilitytoexpressthemselves.【答案】16.G17.B18.C19.F20.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章认为让孩子热爱艺术可以帮助他们成为具有创造性的人，具体介绍了让孩子爱上艺术的方法，包括父母要以身作则，给孩子时间和空间去创造，问开放式的问题，以及告诉孩子们解决问题有多种方式。【16题详解】根据前文“Artsandcraftsareperfectopen-endedactivitiesforchildrenwhoareexploringtheworldaroundthem.（对于探索周围世界的孩子来说，艺术和手工艺是完美的开放式活动。）”和后文“Creativeexpressionwillalsoimpacttheiracademicperformancepositively.（创造性的表达也会对他们的学习成绩产生积极的影响。）”可知，本段在论述通过艺术和手工艺来发展孩子的创造性的重要性和好处，空处会论述第一个好处，和后文的第二个好处呼应。G项“它们能提高孩子们表达自己的能力。”符合语境，其中的“expressthemselves”和后文的“expression”呼应。故选G。【17题详解】根据后文“Manyadultshaveapassionforfinearts.So,shareinterestsbyworkingtogetheronaprojectororlisteningtomusicwithyourchild.（许多成年人都热爱艺术。所以，通过一起使用投影仪或和孩子一起听音乐来分享兴趣。）”可知，本段讨论了家长激发孩子创造力的一个方法，和孩子一同活动，一同欣赏艺术，空处会对这一点作简要的说明，从而引起后文内容。B项“父母可以以身作则。”符合语境。故选B。【18题详解】根据后文“However,aschildrengetolder,itcanbedifficultforthemtotakethetimeforcreativity.（然而，随着孩子年龄的增长，他们很难有时间去创造。）”可知，这里存在语义的转折，空处会说明孩子小的时候去发展创造力会容易一些。C项“艺术是童年的自然组成部分。”符合语境，可以和后文形成语义的转折。故选C。【19题详解】根据前文“Askquestionsthatinspireopen-endedanswersinsteadof“yes”or“no”ones.（问一些能启发开放式 答案的问题，而不是“是”或“否”的问题。）”可知，本段介绍用问开放性的问题去激发孩子的创造力，空处会举例开放式的问题，和其他问题一起构成例子。F项“我们怎样才能把模型做成不同的形状呢？”是开放性的问题，符合语境。故选F。【20题详解】根据前文“Teachingkidsthatthere’relotsofwaystotackleproblemswillnotonlyservethemcreativelybutcanhelpbuildmanydifferentskillsets.Ineverysinglestageoflife,everyoneistaskedwithsolvingproblems.（教孩子们有很多方法来解决问题，不仅能培养他们的创造力，还能帮助他们培养许多不同的技能。在人生的每个阶段，每个人都有解决问题的任务。）”可知，本段强调告诉孩子用多种方式创造性地解决问题，空处会承接解决问题的方法。D项“创造性地去做才是关键。”符合语境，承接前文，后文的“it”指代其中的“Doingitcreatively”。故选D。第三部分语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onewintermorning,BauerwasgoingrunningasusualalongRoute90Bridge.Suddenlyhesawatruckaheadturnsharplyandknockontotheguardrail,____21____afive-vehiclecrash.Bauersprunginto____22____.Heranovertothetruckleaning(斜倚)overtheedgeoftheoverpassaboveAssawomanBay.Amanwhodraggedhimselfoutofthetruckpointed____23____downtothewater.Bauerlookedoverandsawacarseat,about6feetawayfromwhichwasalittlegirl.Shewasonherback____24____tostayafloat(漂浮的),armsmoving,legskicking,andwassinkingintothedeepwater.Shehadbeen____25____outofthetruckwithhercarseat,landinginthebaybelow.Everysecondcountedinsucha(n)____26____Withouthesitation,Bauerjumpedintothe____27____water25feetbelowandswamtothechildlikecrazy.Hecomfortedthe____28____girl,pattingheronthebackuntilshecoughedand____29____upwater.AnearbyboatpickedBauerandthegirlup.Handedovertofirstrespondersoncethey_____30_____land,thegirlwasrushedtohospitaland,toeveryone’s_____31_____,foundinstableconditionafteraseriesofphysicaltests.Nobodyknewatfirstwhohad_____32_____thegirlbecauseBauerinitiallydidn’twanttobe_____33_____andleftsecretly.Bauer’sheroicdeedquicklyspread.Hewas_____34_____bytheAirForceThunderbirdswithaflightinMarylandforhis_____35_____andbravery.21.A.gettingoverB.resultinginC.benefitingfromD.holdingback 22.A.actionB.troubleC.powerD.touch23.A.absentlyB.angrilyC.desperatelyD.curiously24.A.demandingB.managingC.pretendingD.struggling25.A.kickedB.thrownC.drawnD.blown26.A.emergencyB.raceC.programD.procedure27.A.warmB.shallowC.icyD.clean28.A.popularB.dangerousC.weather-beatenD.pale-faced29.A.drankB.broughtC.usedD.breathed30.A.departedB.sightedC.reachedD.marked31.A.reliefB.depressionC.surpriseD.confusion32.A.rewardedB.rescuedC.rejectedD.reminded33.A.promotedB.ignoredC.namedD.aided34.A.chargedB.associatedC.replacedD.honored35.A.independenceB.companyC.optimismD.selflessness【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.A27.C28.D29.B30.C31.A32.B33.C34.D35.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了鲍尔在外出跑步时遇到了一起车祸，一个小女孩从车里冲到河里，鲍尔毫不犹豫跳进河里成功救出女孩的故事。【21题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：突然，他看到前面一辆卡车急转弯，撞上了护栏，造成了五车相撞事故。A.gettingover克服；B.resultingin导致；C.benefitingfrom受益于；D.holdingback阻止。根据前文“Suddenlyhesawatruckaheadturnsharplyandknockontotheguardrail”可知此处是发生事故导致的结果。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：鲍尔立刻行动了起来。A.action行动；B.trouble麻烦；C.power力量；D.touch触摸。根据后文“Heranovertothetruckleaning(斜倚)overtheedgeoftheoverpassaboveAssawomanBay”可知鲍尔立刻行动起来，即开始救援事故中的人。故选A项。【23题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：一名男子从卡车里爬了出来，拼命地指向水里。A.absently缺席地；B.angrily愤怒地；C.desperately拼命地；D.curiously好奇地。根据后文“Bauerlookedoverandsawacarseat,about 6feetawayfromwhichwasalittlegirl.”可知水里有个小女孩，所以这位男子示意鲍尔救小女孩，心情当然是急切的，拼命的。故选C项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她仰面挣扎着保持漂浮，胳膊在动，腿在踢，然后沉入了深水中。A.demanding要求；B.managing管理；C.pretending假装；D.struggling挣扎。根据后文的“armsmoving,legskicking”可知小女孩在拼命挣扎不让自己沉下去。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她和汽车座椅一起被抛出卡车，降落在下面的海湾。A.kicked踢；B.thrown扔掉；抛；C.drawn绘制；D.blown吹。根据常识可知汽车发生剧烈撞击时人会被抛出车外。故选B项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在如此紧急的情况下每一秒都至关重要。A.emergency紧急情况；B.race种族；C.program程序；D.procedure过程，步骤。根据前文的“Shewasonherback___5__tostayafloat,armsmoving,legskicking,andwassinkingintothedeepwater.”可知这是紧急情况。故选A项。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：鲍尔毫不犹豫地跳进25英尺下的冰冷的水里，像疯了一样游向孩子。A.warm温暖的；B.shallow浅的；C.icy冰冷的；D.clean清洁的。根据前文的“Onewintermorning,BauerwasgoingrunningasusualalongRoute90Bridge.”可知这时的水是冰冷的。故选C项。【28题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他安慰了那个脸色苍白的女孩，拍了拍她的背，直到她咳嗽，然后把吐出来。A.popular受欢迎的；B.dangerous危险的；C.weather-beaten饱经风霜的；D.pale-faced面色苍白的。根据后文“pattingheronthebackuntilshecoughedand____9___upwater.”可知小女孩在冰水里冻得脸色发白。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.drank喝；B.brought带来；C.used使用；D.breathed呼吸。根据前文“pattingherontheback”可知拍小女孩的背的目的是把喝进去得水吐出来，bringsthup“呕出，吐出”。故选B项。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：女孩一到达陆地后被移交给急救人员，被紧急送往医院，让人欣慰的是，经过一系列身体测试，女孩的情况稳定。A.departed离开；B.sighted看到，发现；C.reached达到；D.marked标记。根据前文“AnearbyboatpickedBauerandthegirlup.”可知这艘船把鲍尔和女孩一起送达陆地。故选C项。 【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.relief救济，宽慰；B.depression抑郁；C.surprise惊喜；D.confusion混乱。根据后文“foundinstablecondition”可知，女孩得救，这是令人安慰的事情。故选A项。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：起初没有人知道是谁救下了这个女孩，因为鲍尔一开始不想透露姓名，所以偷偷离开了。A.rewarded奖励；B.rescued拯救；C.rejected拒绝；D.reminded提醒。根据前文“Withouthesitation,Bauerjumpedintothe____7____water25feetbelowandswamtothechildlikecrazy.”可知，此处指刚开始没有人知道谁救了女孩。故选B项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.promoted提拔；B.ignored忽略；C.named命名，叫出…的名字；D.aided辅助。根据后文“leftsecretly”可知鲍尔不想透漏姓名。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：空军雷鸟队为他在马里兰州进行了一次飞行，以表彰他的无私和勇敢。A.charged指控；B.associated联系；C.replaced取代；D.honored尊敬；表彰，给与…的光荣。根据前文“withaflight”可知空军雷鸟队的飞行表演是为了表彰鲍尔的无私和勇敢。故选D项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上题。A.independence独立性；B.company公司；C.optimism乐观主义；D.selflessness无私。根据前文“Withouthesitation,Bauerjumpedintothe____7____water25feetbelowandswamtothechildlikecrazy.”以及“leftsecretly”可知鲍尔救人的行为表明他是无私的。故选D项。第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。DongyingcityinChina’sShandongProvincehaswitnessed(目睹)ecologicalimprovementsintheYellowRiverDelta,thankstovarious____36____(effect)measurestoimprovewetlandrestorationandprotection.Yearsago,thewetlandsthere____37____(threaten)duetolesswaterfromtheriverandotherfactors.____38____(protect)thewetlandsecosystem,theYellowRiverDeltaNationalNatureReservewasestablishedin1992.Sincethen,thecity____39____(carry)outseveralmanagementprojectsandrestoredthebiotic(生物)populationinthezone.Dongyinghasbeenadoptingacomprehensivewetlandsrestorationmodelbygivinghigh____40____(prior)toprotectingthenaturereserveandlettingnaturerestore____41____(it).Overthepastthreeyears,it’stransferred(转运)469millioncubicmetersofwatertothenaturereserve,____42____hasrecoveredtheecologicalfunctionsofthewetlandsthere. Lastyear,Dongyingbuiltareal-timemonitoringnetworkforbirdspeciesatthenaturereserve,whichhelpsensurethatbirdsarefree____43____disturbanceofhumanactivityandputsthehabitatsofcranesandotherspeciesunderkeyprotection.Asaresult,thenaturereservehasseen____44____obviousincreaseinthevarietyandnumberofbirdspecies.Hometo371birdspecies,it’sbecomeanimportantstop,winteringgroundandbreedingplaceformigratorybirds.DongyingiscurrentlyworkingtobuildtheYellowRiverEstuaryNationalPark,whichwillcover3,523squarekilometers,_____45_____(include)landareaandseaarea,toexplorepathwaysfortheprotectionofDeltaecology.【答案】36.effective37.werethreatened38.Toprotect39.hascarried40.priority41.itself42.which43.from44.an45.including【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。介绍了东营市致力于保护黄河三角洲湿地的有效措施以及取得的客观的成效。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：中国山东省东营市见证了黄河三角洲的生态改善，得益于各种有效的措施来改善湿地的恢复和保护。分析句子可知，空格处为定语修饰名词measures，应使用形容词形式，故填effective。【37题详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意：多年前，由于河流水量减少和其他因素，那里的湿地受到了威胁。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，动词threaten和主语thewetlands是被动关系，根据时间状语Yearsago可知应使用一般过去时的被动语态，主语thewetlands是复数形式，故填werethreatened。【38题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：为了保护湿地生态系统，黄河三角洲国家级自然保护区成立于1992年。分析句子可知，空格处为句子目的状语，应使用不定式，位于句首首字母大写，故填Toprotect。【39题详解】考查动词时态。句意：从那时起，该市实施了几个管理项目，并恢复了该地区的生物数量。分析句子可知，空格处为句子谓语部分，根据时间状语Sincethen可知应使用现在完成时，主语thecity是第三人称单数形式，故填hascarried。 【40题详解】考查名词。句意：东营一直采用综合湿地恢复模式，在保护自然保护区和让大自然自我恢复方面给予较高的优先权。分析句子可知，空格处为动词give的宾语，应使用名词形式priority，表示“优先，优先权”是不可数名词，故填priority。【41题详解】考查反身代词。句意同上题。分析句子可知，空格处为动词restore的宾语，代指大自然，应使用反身代词，故填itself。【42题详解】考查定语从句。句意：在过去的三年里，它向自然保护区输送了4.69亿立方米的水，恢复了那里湿地的生态功能。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句引导词，先行词是thenaturereserve，从句缺少主语，故填which。【43题详解】考查介词。句意：去年，东营在自然保护区建立了鸟类物种实时监测网络，这有助于确保鸟类免受人类活动的干扰，并将鹤和其他物种的栖息地置于重点保护之下。分析句子可知，空格处和形容词free构成固定短语befreefrom免于，故填from。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：因此，自然保护区的鸟类种类和数量明显增加。分析句子可知，空格处缺少冠词，表示泛指一次，obvious开头发音因素是元音，故填an。【45题详解】考查介词。句意：东营目前正在建设黄河口国家公园，占地3523平方公里，包括陆地和海洋面积，探索保护三角洲生态的途径。分析句子可知，空格处表示的意思是“包括”，在句子中充当伴随状语，应使用介词including，故填including。第四部分写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节(满分15分)46.你校英文报将以“我梦想的工作”为题举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：1.你梦想得到的一份工作及原因；2.你为之而做的准备。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。MyDreamJob ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】Onepossibleversion:MyDreamJobHavingagoaloraiminlifeisespeciallyimportant,foritgivesourlifeapurposeanddirection.Likemanypeoplenowadays,Iwanttobecomeamedicaldoctor.Themostimportantmotivationtochoosethisprofessionistohelphumanityandfulfilltheever-growingneedfordoctorsinourcommunity.Thereisnodenyingthatitisoneofthenoblestjobsintheworld.Mymotherandteachersalwaysteachmethatonlywithpassionandhardworkcanagoalbeachieved.Knowingthatbecomingadoctorisnoteasy,Iamstudyinghardtoachievethislifegoal.Inaddition,Ialwaysreadmanymedicaljournalsandwatchrelevantdocumentariestofamiliarizemyselfwithmedicalknowledgeandpracticetobeinformed.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。题你校英文报将以“我梦想的工作”为题举办英语征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：介绍梦想的工作，陈述背后的原因，并分享为之努力的准备工作。【详解】1.词汇积累重要的：important→ofimportance,essential,crucial,significant,vital动力：motivation→motive,incentive,inspiration,impulse满足：fulfill→satisfy,meet,gratify高尚的：noble→righteous,virtuous,honorable,decent毫无疑问的是：thereisnodenyingthat→itiswellacknowledgedthat,thereisnodoubtthat,undeniably,undoubtedly实现：realize→achieve,fulfill,accomplish,obtain此外：inaddition→additionally,moreover,furthermore,besides了解：familiarizeoneselfwith→beacquaintedwith,becomefamiliarwith2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Themostimportantmotivationtochoosethisprofessionistohelphumanityandfulfilltheever-growing needfordoctorsinourcommunity.拓展句：ThemostimportantmotivationtochoosethisprofessionliesinthefactthatIhopetohelphumanityandfulfilltheever-growingneedfordoctorsinourcommunity.【点睛】【高分句型1】Havingagoaloraiminlifeisespeciallyimportant,foritgivesourlifeapurposeanddirection.（运用了动名词形式作主语、从属连词for引导原因状语从句）【高分句型2】Mymotherandteachersalwaysteachmethatonlywithpassionandhardworkcanagoalbeachieved.（运用了连接词that引导名词性从句作teach的宾语、“only+状语”置于句首引起部分倒装）【高分句型3】Knowingthatbecomingadoctorisnoteasy,Iamstudyinghardtoachievethislifegoal.（运用了现在分词形式作状语、连接词that引导名词性从句作knowing的宾语）第二节(满分25分)47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。“It’sbeenpotatoesallweek,mom!Can’twegotothedinerforaburgerandanicecream?That’sallIwantformybirthday!”Eve’s8-year-oldsonDylanthrewhisarmsaroundhershoulders,lookingatherhopefully.Inherhear,shewantedtothrowDylanthebiggestbirthdaypartyever,withballoonsandadeliciouscakewith8beautifulcandlesonit.Butinreality,Evecouldaffordnoneofthat.Afterbeingletgofromthethirdtemporaryjobandpayingtheoverduebills,shedidn’thaveenoughmoneyleft.“Sorry,baby.Ican’taffordmeals...”Evesaidsadly.Seeingtearsinhismother’seyes,Dylanquicklychangedhistone(语气).He’dseenherstrugglingtomakeendsmeetandcouldn’tstandhurtingher.“Actually,mom,thatpotatosaladlooksdelicious!CanIhavesomemore?”Heaskedhercheerfully.Afterthehumblemeal,Evedidhousework.Dylantookoutanenvelopehiddenonhisbookshelf.He’dsecretlysavedafewdollarsfromthelunchmoneyhismomhadgivenhimoverthepastfewyears.Hecountedthemoney.“$28!”Hiseyeslitup.“Icangetagoodmealforcmom!”Dylanslidoutwiththeenvelopeandwalkedtothenextblock,wherehesawexactlywhathe’dexpected—themobilefoodtruck!He’dseenitafewtimesandwonderedwhytheplacewasalwayscrowded.Hewaiteduntilthecrowdwaitingtobuyfoodatthecounterclearedaway“Sir!PleasegivemeeverythingIcangetfor$28!”Dylanrequestedeagerly.ButMartin,theownerofthefoodtruck,replied,“Sorry,kid.We’reoutofeverythingtoday!”Disappointed,Dylanwasseatedonthesidewalk,mumbling(咕哝):“It’smybirthday,butIcan’teventreathertoanicemeal.Shedoessomuchforme.Ithought,foronce,Iwoulddosomethingniceforher.”Hekepttalkingoutloudtohimself,givingintohisurgetocry.注意： 1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。“Woah,happybirthday,boy!”Martinsaid,sittingdownnexttoDylan.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thenextmorning,Evewokeuptoafoodtruckoutsideherhouse.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】“Woah,happybirthday,boy!”Martinsaid,sittingdownnexttoDylan.Withkindnessinhisheart,heaskedpatientlyinasoftvoicetogettoknowtheintentionofthelittleboywhoonlygot$28.ImmediatelyMartintookhimgooutsidetopurchasesomefreshcookingmaterialsforthebigmealwhichwaspreparedforDylan’smother.Dylanwasthankfultoexpresshisgratitudebygivingallhismoneytothefoodtruckowner.Thenextmorning,Evewokeuptoafoodtruckoutsideherhouse.“Hello!It’sMartin.”Openingthedoor,confusedwithallthedeliciousfoodinthefoodtruck,Evecouldn’tbelievehereyesandfeltlikeadream.“ItwasyoursonDylanwhopreparedallthesefoodforyou.Enjoyit.”Withaman’svoiceappearing,sheknewitwasreal.Touchedbythesewords,Eveburstintotears.Theysattogetherandenjoyedthemeal,surprisedtodiscoveranotewith$28underaplatereading“Filialpietyispriceless.”【解析】【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了迪伦在生日这天想要改变伙食，但家庭条件无法负担，他不忍心伤害母亲，而后他拿出自己攒下的钱跑去餐车处，想要在生日这天为母亲买一份大餐来感谢母亲的养育之情的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：①由第一段首句内容“‘哇，生日快乐，孩子！’马丁坐在迪伦旁边说。”可知，第一段可描写马丁了解到今天是迪伦的生日以及通过谈话得知了迪伦的真正打算。②由第二段首句内容“第二天早上，伊芙醒来时发现屋外有一辆食品车。”可知，第二段可描写Eve看到 孩子为她购买的大餐后的喜悦以及最后的惊讶发现：孝心无价。2.续写线索：向马丁说明情况——马丁的同情——准备大餐——送去家中——母亲感到感动——孝心无价3.词汇激活①询问：asked/inquired②购买：purchase/buy③准备：prepare/getready④意识：know/realize情绪类①感动的：confused/puzzled②困惑的：thankful/grateful【点睛】[高分句型1]Withkindnessinhisheart,heaskedpatientlyinasoftvoicetogettoknowtheintentionofthelittleboywhoonlygot$28.（使用了With复合结构充当伴随状语，以及who引导的定语从句）[高分句型2]Openingthedoor,confusedwithallthedeliciousfoodinthefoodtruck,Evecouldn’tbelievehereyesandfeltlikeadream.（使用了现在分词Opening和作伴随状语）