重庆市名校联盟联考2023-2024学年高一上学期12月月考英语试题（Word版附解析）

重庆市名校联盟2023-2024学年度第一期第二次联考英语试题(高2026届)(本试卷共8页，总分150分，考试时间120分钟)注意事项：1.答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，并认真核对条形码上的姓名、准考证号、座位号及科类名称。2.请将准考证条形码粘贴在右侧的[考生条形码粘贴处]的方框内。3.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂;非选择题必须用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔填写，字体工整、笔迹清楚。4.请按题号顺序在各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在草稿纸、试题卷上答题无效。5.保持答题卡面清洁，不要折叠、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、刮纸刀。第Ⅰ卷第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题。从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.£19.15.B.£9.18.C.£9.15.答案是C。1.WhenwillJackprobablygettotheoffice?A.Inabout20minutes.B.Inabout15minutes.C.Inabout35minutes.2.Whichclubwillthemanchoose?A.Poetryclub.B.Debateclub.C.Chessclub.3.Whatdoesthemanmean?ATheroomiscrowded.B.Theroomisclean.C.Theroomgetsdirtyeasily.4.Whydoesthewomanwanttohavefastfood?A.Shewantstospendless.B.Shelikesfastfood.C.Sheisinahurry.5.What’sgoingtobedifficultfortheman? A.Makingnicecoffee.B.Notmakinganoise.C.Choosingabirthdaygift.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟;听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.What’sthewomandoing?A.Invitingsomeonetoplaytennis.B.Askingforhelp.C.Givingadvice.7.Whatdoesthemanplantodotoday?A.Playtennis.B.Takeatrip.C.HelpEmilystudy.听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。8.Whatdoesthemanhavetodonow?A.Plananexam.B.Lookforajob.C.Makeadecision.9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkofworkinginbigcities?A.Dangerous.B.Boring.C.Exciting.第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Whatwastheweatherlikethatnight?A.Windy.B.Stormy.C.Cloudy.11.Wheredidthedoghide?A.Underthesofa.B.Underthebed.C.Underthetable.12.WhathappenedtotheTVset?A.Itwashitbylightning.B.Itsscreenflashedrapidly.C.Itwasdamagedbythewoman.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatdoesthewomando?A.Anurse.B.Adoctor.C.Ateacher.14.Whydidthewomangettheprize?A.Sheoftenhelpedtheeldersintrouble.B.Herworkinteachingwasveryexcellent.C.Sheoftenhelpedchildrenwithdisabilities.15.Howlongdoesthewomanstayinthehospitaleveryday? AAboutanhour.B.Abouttwohours.C.Aboutanhourandahalf.16.Whydoesthewomanchoosetobeavolunteer?A.Shelikestomakechildrenhappy.B.Shelikestohelpnursesoutoftrouble.C.Shejustwantstoexperiencedifferentwork.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatshouldbedonefirstaccordingtothespeaker?A.Movetheinjuredtoaquietplace.B.Guardtheaccidentscene.C.Call110and120.18.Howcanwepreventfurthertrafficaccidents?A.Bycallingthepoliceimmediately.B.Byshowingsignstootherdrivers.CBystoppingthecomingcars.19.Whatwillbesurelyappreciatedwhenthepolicearrive?A.Givingthemahand.B.Answeringtheirquestions.C.Helpingtokeepthetrafficinorder.20.Whatdoesthespeakermainlytalkabout?A.Howtogivethefirstaid.B.Howtolearnthefirstaid.C.Howtoavoiddanger.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分50分)第一节(共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。AVarioussportsattractfansfordifferentreasons:Spectatorsportsdrawevenmorefanswhojustlovetowatch.Herearesomeofthemostbelovedsportsworldwide.Football-4billionfansFootball,betterknownassoccerintheUS,isbyfarthemostpopularsportintheworld.Expertsestimatethat theorigin(起源)offootballmaygoasfarbackastwothousandyears,beginninginancientChinaduringtheHanDynasty.Onemajorreasonforfootball’sglobalpopularityisthat,unlikeothersportsthatrequireexpensiveequipment,allyouneedtoplayfootballisaballandyourfeet.Volleyball-900millionfansVolleyballpitstwoteamsacrossahighnet,eachattemptingtosmashtheballontotheopponent’s(对手的)floor.Apopularvariant,beachvolleyball,iscompetedonsandbypairsratherthantheregularsixplayersperteam.Thecrowdappealofbeachvolleyballhasgrowngreatlyinrecentyears.Tennis-1billionfansAnestimatedonebillionpeopleworldwidefollowprofessionaltennistournamentsandmatches.Intennis,playersonbothsidesofanettrytohitaballwitharacketsothatiteithergoespasttheiropponentorbouncestwiceontheiropponent’ssideofthecourttoscorepoints.TennissuperstarslikeRafaelNadal,andSerenaWilliamsarenowhouseholdnamesaroundtheworld,withhugeinternationalfanbases.Hockey-2billionfansHockey,bothoniceandonafield,winsafollowingoftwobillionenthusiasticfansworldwide.FieldhockeyismainlyplayedinEurope,Africa,Asia,andAustralia,whileicehockeyisparticularlypopularinCanadaandtheUS,wherekidsgrowupplayingpondhockey.Unlikeicehockey,fieldhockeyusuallydoesnothavebodycontactintheformofcheckingandhitting.1.Whatmakesfootballpopularallovertheworld?A.Itslonghistory.B.Itshugefanbases.C.Itsuniqueorigin.D.Itsgreatconvenience.2.Whichsportattractstheleastfansaccordingtothetext?A.Football.B.Hockey.C.Volleyball.D.Tennis.3.Whichstatementaboutthefoursportsistrue?A.FootballisAmericanpeople’sfavoritesport.B.Playingicehockeyhasbodycontact.C.Beachvolleyballhasattractedthemostsportsfansrecently.D.Atennisplayerlosesonepointifhisballgoespasthisopponent.【答案】1.D2.C3.B【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了世界上几个最受喜爱的运动。【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Football-4billionfans部分中“Onemajorreasonforfootball’sglobalpopularityisthat,unlikeothersportsthatrequireexpensiveequipment,allyouneedtoplayfootballisaballandyourfeet.(足球在全球受欢迎的一个主要原因是，与其他需要昂贵装备的运动不同，踢足球只需要一个球和你的脚)”可知，踢足球非常简单方便，这使它在全世界受欢迎，故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据四个小标题“Football-4billionfans(足球-40亿球迷)”、“Volleyball-900millionfans(排球-9亿球迷)”、“Tennis-1billionfans(网球-10亿球迷)”和“Hockey-2billionfans(曲棍球-20亿球迷)”可知，排球吸引的球迷最少，故选C。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Hockey-2billionfans部分中“Unlikeicehockey,fieldhockeyusuallydoesnothavebodycontactintheformofcheckingandhitting.(与冰上曲棍球不同的是，曲棍球通常没有身体接触的形式)”可知，冰上曲棍球有身体接触，故选B。BIn1867,CarolineShawkBrooksandherhusband,Samuel,hadafarminArkansas.Lifeonthefarmwasnoteasy.Fromsunrisetosunset,CarolineandSamuelmilkedcows,gardened,andpickedcotton.ThisleftCarolinenotimeforherdreamofbecominganartist.Timewasnottheonlyproblem.Moneywasaworrytoo.Thecottoncropswerefailing.WhatcouldCarolineandSamueldo?Carolinedecidedtomakebutterfromtheircows’milkandsellitatthemarket.Butotherfarmsalsomadeandsoldbutter.HowwouldCarolinesetherbutterapartfromtherest?ThisiswhereCaroline’sartistictalentcamein.Todrawattentiontoherbutter,shebeganmakingsmallbuttersculptures(雕塑).Sheusedmanydifferenttools,suchasbroomstraws,andtreesticks.Shealsoputthebutterinasmalltinplate,whichsatinalargertinplatefilledwithicetostopthebuttersculptureoutofshape.Caroline’sbuttersculptureswereahugesuccess.Beforelong,shewasshowingthematmarketsandexhibitions.Oneofherlargestbuttersculptureswasalife-sizestatuecalledAStudyinButter.ItwastransportedallthewaytoParisforthe1878world’sfair.Carolinealsomadesculpturesusingmarble(大理石).ShefinallyopenedastudioinNewYorkCitywhereshecreatedmanymarblesculptures,someofwhichwereshownatthe1893world’sfairinChicago.ButCarolineneverstoppedmakingbutterart.Sheconsideredbutteranexcellentmaterialtoworkwith.Atthe1893market,shealsodisplayedherbuttertechniqueswithasculptureofChristopherColumbus.CarolineShawkBrooksdiedinSt.Louis,Missouri,in1913.SheisrememberedasthefirstknownAmerican buttersculptor(雕刻家).4.Accordingtoparagraph3,whydidCarolinemakebuttersculptures?A.Torealizeherdream.B.Tomakeherbutterbetterknown.C.Tomakeherfarmfamous.D.Toshowhersculpturesatthemarket.5.WhatdoweknowaboutCarolineandhersculptures?A.Carolinemadeherartworksallbymachine.B.Thesculptureswereallmadefromcow’smilk.C.Icewasusedtokeepthebuttersculpturesinshape.D.Carolinestoppedmakingsculpturesafterbeingworld-famous.6.WhichwordsbestdescribeCaroline?A.Hardworkingandcurious.B.ResponsibleandcompetitiveC.Talentedandsuccessful.D.Confidentandcaring.7.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.AFarmingPioneer.B.AGreatwoman.C.TheButterSculptures.D.TheButterArtist.【答案】4B5.C6.C7.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了美国黄油雕刻艺术家卡罗琳·肖克·布鲁克斯的故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Carolinedecidedtomakebutterfromtheircows’milkandsellitatthemarket.Butotherfarmsalsomadeandsoldbutter. HowwouldCarolinesetherbutterapartfromtherest?ThisiswhereCaroline’sartistictalentcamein.Todrawattentiontoherbutter,shebeganmakingsmallbuttersculptures(雕塑).(卡洛琳决定用她们的牛奶制作黄油，并在市场上出售。但其他农场也生产和销售黄油。卡洛琳怎么把她的黄油和其他的区别开来的?卡洛琳的艺术天赋就在这里发挥了。为了吸引人们对她的黄油的注意，她开始制作小型黄油雕塑)”可知，卡罗琳做黄油雕塑是为了让她的黄油更出名，更好卖。故选B项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Shealsoputthebutterinasmalltinplate,whichsatinalargertinplatefilledwithicetostopthebuttersculptureoutofshape.(她还把黄油放在一个小锡盘里，这个小锡盘放在一个装满冰的大锡盘里，以防止黄油雕塑变形。)”可知，卡洛琳用冰来保持黄油雕塑的形状。故选C项。【6题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“HowwouldCarolinesetherbutterapartfromtherest?ThisiswhereCaroline’sartistictalentcamein.Todrawattentiontoherbutter,shebeganmakingsmallbuttersculptures(雕塑).Sheusedmanydifferenttools,suchasbroomstraws,andtreesticks.(卡洛琳怎么把她的黄油和其他的区别开来的?卡洛琳的艺术天赋就在这里发挥了。为了吸引人们对她的黄油的注意，她开始制作小型黄油雕塑。她使用了许多不同的工具，比如扫帚的稻草和树枝。)”可知，卡洛琳想到用黄油制作雕塑的方法并付诸实践，说明她极具天赋(talented)和创造力，根据第四段中“Caroline’sbuttersculptureswereahugesuccess.Beforelong,shewasshowingthematmarketsandexhibitions.Oneofherlargestbuttersculptureswasalife-sizestatuecalled AStudyinButter.ItwastransportedallthewaytoParisforthe1878world’sfair.(卡罗琳的黄油雕塑获得了巨大的成功。不久，她就在市场和展览会上展示了这些作品。她最大的黄油雕塑之一是真人大小的雕像，名为《黄油的研究》。它被一路运到巴黎参加1878年的世界博览会。)”可知，卡洛琳取得了巨大的成功(successful)。故选C项。【7题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，结合最后一段中“CarolineShawkBrooksdiedinSt.Louis,Missouri,in1913.SheisrememberedasthefirstknownAmericanbuttersculptor(雕刻家).(卡洛琳·肖克·布鲁克斯于1913年在密苏里州的圣路易斯去世。她被认为是美国第一个著名的黄油雕刻家。)”可知，文章介绍了美国黄油雕刻艺术家卡罗琳·肖克·布鲁克斯的故事，所以“TheButterArtist.(黄油艺术家。)”是最佳标题。故选D项。CLet’sgetonethingstraight:Studyingsometimesisboring,right?Butitisextremelynecessary.Afterall,workingthroughdifficultmaterialisanecessarypartofthelearningprocess—whichleadstotheobviousquestion:IfIhavetodoit,isthereatleastawaytomakeitfun?DuringCarolDweck’sresearchforherbookMindset(思维模式):TheNewPsychologyofSuccess,shefoundthatstudentsdealwithlearninginoneofthetwoways:theyeitherlookatdifficultcourseswithafixedmindsetorwithagrowthmindset.Thosewithfixedmindsetsbelievethatintelligenceandtalentaresetinstone.Forexample,iftheyfindacertainmathproblemdifficult,they’dthink,“IguessI’mjustnotamathperson.”Incontrast,studentswithgrowthmindsetsarecertainthattheycouldchangeandgrowineveryareaoftheirlives.Iftheycomeacrossadifficultproblem,theywillthink,“Icangetbetteratthis...ButIhavetotoughitout.”Dweckfoundthatmoststudentsstartoutprettyinterestedinasubject.Yetoverthesemester,somethinghappens.Studentswiththefixedmindsetmaystayinterestedonlywhentheydowellrightaway.Thosewhofinditdifficultarelikelytoshowabigdropintheirinterestandenjoyment.Ifitisn’tatestimony(证明)totheirintelligence,theycan’tenjoyit.Incontrast,studentswiththegrowthmindsetareabletocontinuetoshowthesamehighlevelofenjoymentevenwhentheyfindtheworkverydifficult.Difficultyandinterestgohandinhand. Ifyouwanttosucceedandenjoyyourstudying,don’tthinkofyourclassesasaseriesofteststhatshowjusthowintelligentorunintelligentyouare.Instead,thinkofthemmoreasongoingopportunitiestolearnandgrow.8.Whichofthefollowingmightstudentswithfixedmindsetsbelieve?A.Theyarenotinterestedinmath.B.Theirabilitiesarenotvalued.C.Theirmindsetdeterminestheirability.D.Failureiscausedbytheirintelligence.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“toughitout”meaninparagraph2?A.Sticktoit.B.Getawayfromit.C.Giveintoit.D.Refertoit.10.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph3?A.Studentswhoareabletodealwithdifficultproblemsdobetterintheirstudies.B.Studentswhofindithardtofixproblemslosetheirinterestintheirstudies.C.Studentsmindsetsplayahugeroleinhowinterestedtheyareintheirstudies.D.Students’interestshaveabigeffectonhowwelltheyperformintheirstudies.11.Whatmaytheauthorsuggestlearnersdoingtomakestudyingfun?A.Choosinganactiveandpositivemindset.B.Regardinglearningasatestofintelligence.C.Payinglittleattentiontothetaskdifficulty.D.Lookingforastronginspirationtosucceed.【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.A【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一项关于成长型思维的新的研究情况：学生的心态很大程度上影响他们的学习兴趣，学习者应该选择主动并积极向上的心态来让学习变得有趣。【8题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第二段的“Thosewithfixedmindsetsbelievethatintelligenceandtalentaresetinstone.Forexample,iftheyfindacertainmathproblemdifficult,they’dthink,“IguessI’mjustnotamathperson.”(那些心态固定的人认为智力和才能是一成不变的。例如，如果他们发现某个数学问题很难，他们会想，“我想我就是不擅长数学。”)”可知，有固定心态的学生可能认为失败是由于他们的智力水平有限。故选D。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据文章第二段的“Incontrast,studentswithgrowthmindsetsarecertainthattheycouldchangeandgrowineveryareaoftheirlives.Iftheycomeacrossadifficultproblem,theywillthink,“Icangetbetterat this.(相比之下，拥有成长心态的学生确信他们可以在生活的各个方面改变和成长。如果他们遇到一个难题，他们会想：“我可以做得更好”。)”可知，拥有成长心态的学生相信自己可以做得更好，面对难题会坚持不放弃。A.Sticktoit.坚持它；B.Getawayfromit.远离它；C.Giveintoit.向它屈服；D.Refertoit.参考它。结合选项可知，A选项可以解释划线短语。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段的“Dweckfoundthatmoststudentsstartoutprettyinterestedinasubject.Yetoverthesemester,somethinghappens.Studentswiththefixedmindsetmaystayinterestedonlywhentheydowellrightaway.Thosewhofinditdifficultarelikelytoshowabigdropintheirinterestandenjoyment.Ifitisn’tatestimonytotheirintelligence,theycan’tenjoyit.Incontrast,studentswiththegrowthmindsetareabletocontinuetoshowthesamehighlevelofenjoymentevenwhentheyfindtheworkverydifficult.(拥有固定心态的学生可能只有当他们马上做得很好时才会保持兴趣。那些觉得很难的人，他们的兴趣和乐趣可能会大大下降。如果不能证明他们的智商，他们就不会喜欢这个科目。相比之下，拥有成长型心态的学生即使发现任务非常困难，也能继续表现出同样高水平的乐趣。)”可知，学生的心态很大程度上影响他们的学习兴趣，即心态对他们的学习兴趣起着很大的作用。故选C。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段的“Ifyouwanttosucceedandenjoyyourstudying,don’tthinkofyourclassesasaseriesofteststhatshowjusthowintelligentorunintelligentyouare.Instead,thinkofthemmoreasongoingopportunitiestolearnandgrow.(如果你想成功并享受你的学习，不要认为你的课程是一系列的测试，显示你有多聪明或不聪明。相反，把它们看作是不断学习和成长的机会。)”可知，作者建议学习者选择主动并积极向上的心态来让学习变得有趣。故选A。DWe’reallfamiliarwiththefeeling―itusuallystartswithalittleitch(痒)deepinsidethenose.Nextcomestheawarenessthatit’sgoingtohappen.Then,achoo!Airrushesoutofournoseatashocking100milesperhour,burstingoutwhateverwascausingtheitch.Thehigh-pressurefromasneeze(喷嚏)hasledsomepeopletothinkthatifwedidn’tcloseoureyes,theycouldbepushedout.Fordecades,countlesspeoplehavetestedthetheory.Whenfindingitalmostimpossibletokeeptheireyesopenwhilesneezing,manyhaveconcludedthatthetheorymustbetrue.Ifyoutryityourself,thepossibilitiesarethatyoureyesarestillwheretheybelong.That’sbecausetheyareheldfirmlybythemusclesintheeyes.Furthermore,increasedpressurefromsneezingactuallybuildsupinthebloodvessels(血管),whichmaycausevesselstobreakbutmaynotbepossibletopushtheeyeballsout.Whydidthistheorystart,anyway?Somesaythatitallbeganin1882,whentheNewYorkTimesreportedan incidentofawomanwhoburstoneofhereyeballsduringasuddensneeze.Otherspointatthefactthatdifferenthigh-pressureexperiences,suchaschildbirth,cancausebloodvesselsintheeyestobreakout.Stillotherssaythatclosingoureyeswhenwesneezeshowsthetheoryistrue.Scientists,ontheotherhand,explainthatwecloseoureyesforthesamereasonwesneeze―topreventunwantedthingsfromenteringourbodies.Eitherway,asfarasweknow,therearenoactualrecordedcasesofanyonelosinganeyeballbecauseofasneeze,sodon’tloseanysleepoverit!12.Whatismainlytalkedaboutinparagraph1?A.Thecauseofasneeze.B.Thedangerofsneezing.C.Theimportanceofasneeze.D.Theexperienceofsneezing.13.Whywon’teyeballsbepushedoutwhilepeoplearesneezing?A.Becausetheyarefixedfirmlyintheeyes.B.Becausehighpressurebuildsupintheeyes.C.Becausetheyareheldstronglybybloodvessels.D.Becauseincreasedpressurepreventsthemfromburstingout.14.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Sneezesusuallycauseanitchynose.B.Peoplesneezetoburstoutunwantedthings.CThehighpressurecausedbyasneezewillbecomelessthroughbreathing.D.Peopleclosetheireyeswhensneezingtostoptheireyeballsfrompoppingout.15.Whereisthetextmostlikelyfrom?A.Aguidebook.B.Amagazine.C.Astorybook.D.Atextbook.【答案】12.D13.A14.B15.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。打喷嚏产生的高压让一些人认为，如果我们不闭上眼睛，它们就会弹出来，文章用一些研究来表明没有任何实际的记录显示有人因为打喷嚏而失去了一个眼球，所以我们对此不用担心。【12题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“We’reallfamiliarwiththefeeling―itusuallystartswithalittleitch(痒)deepinsidethenose.Nextcomestheawarenessthatit’sgoingtohappen.Then,achoo!Airrushesoutofournoseatashocking100 milesperhour,burstingoutwhateverwascausingtheitch.Thehigh-pressurefromasneeze(喷嚏)hasledsomepeopletothinkthatifwedidn’tcloseoureyes,theycouldbepushedout.(我们都很熟悉这种感觉——通常开始于鼻子深处有点痒。接下来是意识到它将要发生。然后，阿嚏！空气以惊人的每小时100英里的速度从我们的鼻子喷出，喷出引起瘙痒的任何东西。打喷嚏产生的高压让一些人认为，如果我们不闭上眼睛，它们就会弹出来。)”可知，第一段主要介绍了打喷嚏的经历，故选D。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“Ifyoutryityourself,thepossibilitiesarethatyoureyesarestillwheretheybelong.That’sbecausetheyareheldfirmlybythemusclesintheeyes.(如果你自己试试，很可能你的眼睛还在它们该在的地方。那是因为它们被眼睛里的肌肉牢牢地抓住了。)”可知，人们打喷嚏时眼球不会突出来是因为它们牢牢地固定在眼睛里。故选A。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Scientists,ontheotherhand,explainthatwecloseoureyesforthesamereasonwesneeze―topreventunwantedthingsfromenteringourbodies.(另一方面，科学家解释说，我们闭上眼睛的原因和打喷嚏的原因一样——是为了防止不想要的东西进入我们的身体。)”可知，人们打喷嚏是为了防止不想要的东西进入我们的身体，由此可推知，人们打喷嚏是为了喷出不想要的东西。故选B。【15题详解】推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“Thehigh-pressurefromasneeze(喷嚏)hasledsomepeopletothinkthatifwedidn’tcloseoureyes,theycouldbepushedout.(打喷嚏产生的高压让一些人认为，如果我们不闭上眼睛，它们就会弹出来。)”和最后一段中“Eitherway,asfarasweknow,therearenoactualrecordedcasesofanyonelosinganeyeballbecauseofasneeze,sodon’tloseanysleepoverit!(不管怎样，据我们所知，没有任何实际的记录显示有人因为打喷嚏而失去了一个眼球，所以不要因此而失眠！)”可知，打喷嚏产生的高压让一些人认为，如果我们不闭上眼睛，它们就会弹出来，文章用一些研究来表明没有任何实际的记录显示有人因为打喷嚏而失去了一个眼球，所以我们对此不用担心。结合选项“A.Aresearchpaper.(一篇研究论文)；B.Abiologytextbook.(生物教科书)；C.Aguidebook.(一本旅游指南)；D.Amagazine.(一本杂志)”可知，本文属于科普类知识，最有可能出现在杂志上，故选B。第二节(共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，选项中有两项为多余选项。Cultureisanideathatisn’teasytounderstand.Peopleoftenusethetermtorefertothingslikefood,holidays,clothingandmusic.___16___Religion,customs,beliefsandvaluesarealsopartofyourculture.Sowhenmeetingpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds,youcansometimesfindthatthere’rehugedifferencesinhowyouseetheworld. ___17___Forexample,whenyoumeetpeoplefromadifferentculture,askthemabouttheirlives.Itisoneofthebestwaystounderstandtheculture.Butbepoliteaboutitandremembertheydon’toweyouananswer,andmightnotwanttogiveit.Maybeyou’verecentlymetsomeonefromadifferentcultureyoufindinteresting.___18___Gettoknowhis/herfamiliesandseehowtheircustomsandtraditionsdifferfromyours.Youmightbesurprisedtofindhowdifferentinculturetwopeoplelivingeveninthesametowncanbe!Readbooksbyandaboutpeoplewhoarefromothercultures.Readingmemoirs(回忆录),biographiesandothernonfictionbooksisanobviouswaytolearnaboutdifferentcountries.Alsodon’tforgetnovelsthathavebeentranslatedfromotherlanguages.___19______20___Soacceptandrespectthedifferencesbetweenyourselfandyourfriendsfromdifferentcultures--rememberthatwhatisadifferencetoyouisjusttheirnormallife!A.Watchhim/herclosely.B.Makefriendswithhim/her.C.Butitalsogoesmuchdeeperthanthat.D.Differencesbetweenusarewhatmakelifesoamazing.E.Therearemanywaystounderstandotherpeople’scultures.F.Readingthemcanbothmakeyourelaxedandknowledgeable.G.Likewithbooks,youcanalsowatchmoviestolearnmoreaboutaculture.【答案】16.C17.E18.B19.G20.D【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了了解其他文化的一些方法。【16题详解】上文“Peopleoftenusethetermtorefertothingslikefood,holidays,clothingandmusic.”（人们经常用这个词来指代食物、节日、服装和音乐。）举例说明了文化的具体方面，结合下文“Religion,customs,beliefsandvaluesarealsopartofyourculture.”（宗教、习俗、信仰和价值观也是你们文化的一部分。）说明文化还包含其他更深刻的方面，C项“Butitalsogoesmuchdeeperthanthat.”（但它还有更深层的含义。）衔接上下文恰当。故选C项。【17题详解】下文“Forexample,whenyoumeetpeoplefromadifferentculture,askthemabouttheirlives.Itisoneofthebestwaystounderstandtheculture.”（例如，当你遇到来自不同文化背景的人时，问问他们的生活。这是了解文化的最好方式之一。）举例说明了了解别国文化的具体方式，E项“Therearemanywaystounderstandother people’scultures.”（了解别人的文化有很多方法。）衔接下文，引出具体的了解文化的方法，衔接恰当。故选E项。【18题详解】上文“Maybeyou’verecentlymetsomeonefromadifferentcultureyoufindinteresting.”（也许你最近遇到了一个你感兴趣的来自不同文化背景的人。）举例说明遇到来自不同文化背景的人的情况，并结合下文“Gettoknowhis/herfamiliesandseehowtheircustomsandtraditionsdifferfromyours.”（了解他/她的家庭，看看他们的习俗和传统与你的有何不同。）说明要更深入了解此人的家庭及习俗，B项“Makefriendswithhim/her.”（和他/她交朋友。）衔接上文，说明遇到来自其他的文化的人具体的做法，引出下文对此人更深入的了解，衔接恰当。故选B项。【19题详解】上文“Alsodon’tforgetnovelsthathavebeentranslatedfromotherlanguages.”（也不要忘记从其他语言翻译过来的小说。）说明读翻译的作品也有助于了解其他文化，G项“Likewithbooks,youcanalsowatchmoviestolearnmoreaboutaculture.”（和读书一样，你也可以看电影来更多地了解一种文化。）衔接上文，说明除了读书，看电影也是了解其他文化的方式，衔接恰当。故选G项。【20题详解】下文“Soacceptandrespectthedifferencesbetweenyourselfandyourfriendsfromdifferentcultures--rememberthatwhatisadifferencetoyouisjusttheirnormallife!”（所以，接受并尊重你和来自不同文化背景的朋友之间的差异——记住，对你来说不同的只是他们的正常生活!）说明了要尊重文化差异，D项“Differencesbetweenusarewhatmakelifesoamazing.”（我们之间的差异让生活如此精彩。）点明文化差异的重要性，引出下文具体的做法，即尊重文化差异，衔接恰当。故选D项。第三部分英语知识运用(共三节，满分45分)第一节完形填空(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。Atage83,BarbaraHumbertdreamsoftakingpartinnextyear’s“MarathonforAll”raceattheParisOlympicGames.Itisthefirst___21___ofitskind,allowingamateur(业余)athletestorunthesameracepathastheOlympicmarathonathletes.Humberthasahistoryofsuccess,whichshowsshecould___22___somerunnershalfherage.Unlikeyour___23___great-grandmother,theGerman-bornFrenchwomanruns50kilometersaweek.Shehas ___24___inmanymarathonsandhasthemedalstoshowforit.“It’s___25___tohavetheOlympicsinmyhomeland,”saidHumbert,“Itwouldbea___26___formy60thmarathon.”However,Humbertis___27___whethershewillreceivethepaperforadmissiontotherace,asthenumberfortheMarathonforAllwillbe___28___to20,024.Humbert’shusbandJacquesisabigsupporter,helpingwherehecan.Heiswaitingtohearfromthesportsofficialaboutthe___29___forhiswifetobeallowedtoentertherace.Many___30___hangintheentranceofBarbaraandJacques’shome.They___31___Barbaraofalltheracesshehastakenpartin,fromAthenstoBostonandmanyothercities.Shefiguresoutthatshehas___32___about8,000kilometersinthoseraces.Humbertwantsothersto___33___inherfootsteps.Shesaidofrunning,“Itgivesyoubalance.Yourun,youemptyyourhead,youfeel___34___relaxedafterwards.”Barbaraisplanningformoreraces___35___juststayingonwhathasbeenachieved.21.A.goalB.testC.eventD.trip22.A.destroyB.beatC.affectD.injure23.A.usualB.kindC.specialD.serious24.A.servedB.competedC.volunteeredD.majored25.A.relaxingB.confusingC.worryingD.amazing26.A.giftB.symbolC.practiceD.design27.A.confidentB.happyC.unsureD.fortunate28.A.recommendedB.recognizedC.increasedD.fixed29.A.honourB.interestC.requestD.order30.A.racesB.medalsC.flagsD.T-shirts31.A.remindB.warnC.tellD.praise32.A.hikedB.trackedC.ledD.covered33.A.giveupB.standupC.cutoutD.comealong34.A.formallyB.extremelyC.hardlyD.actually35.A.becauseofB.aheadofC.ratherthanD.otherthan【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.D26.A27.C28.D29.C30.B31.A32.D33.D34.B35.C【解析】【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了83岁的BarbaraHumbert梦想着参加明年巴黎奥运会的“全民马拉松”比赛。她参加过许多马拉松比赛，并获得了奖牌，同时亨伯特也希望其他人跟随她的脚步。 【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这是第一次允许业余运动员与奥运会马拉松运动员在同一条赛道上比赛。A.goal目标；B.test测验；C.event赛事；D.trip旅行。根据后文“allowingamateurathletestorunthesameracepathastheOlympicmarathonathletes(允许业余运动员与奥运会马拉松运动员在同一条赛道上比赛)”可知，这是第一次允许业余运动员与奥运会马拉松运动员在同一条赛道上比赛。故选C。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：亨伯特有成功的历史，这表明她可以击败一些年龄只有她一半的运动员。A.destroy毁坏；B.beat打；C.affect影响；D.injure使受伤，弄伤。根据上文“Humberthasahistoryofsuccess(亨伯特有着成功的历史)”可知，亨伯特有成功的历史，这表明她可以击败一些年龄只有她一半的运动员。故选B。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：不像你平常的曾祖母，这位德国出生的法国女人每周跑50公里。A.usual寻常的；B.kind善良的；C.special特别的；D.serious严肃的。根据后文“great-grandmother,theGerman-bornFrenchwomanruns50kilometersaweek(曾祖母，德国出生的法国女人每周跑50公里)”可知，亨伯特与平常的曾祖母相比，这位德国出生的法国女人每周跑50公里。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她参加过许多马拉松比赛，并获得了奖牌。A.served服务；B.competed比赛；C.volunteered志愿做；D.majored主修。根据后文“andhasthemedalstoshowforit(并因此获得了奖牌)”可知，她参加过许多马拉松比赛，故选B。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：亨伯特说：“在我的祖国举办奥运会真是太棒了”A.relaxing令人放松的；B.confusing令人困惑的；C.worrying令人担心的；D.amazing令人惊讶的，棒的。根据后文“havetheOlympicsinmyhomeland(在我的祖国举办奥运会)”以及常识，在自己祖国举办奥运会是很棒的事情。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这将是我第60次参加马拉松的礼物。A.gift礼物；B.symbol象征；C.practice实践；D.design设计。根据“havetheOlympicsinmyhomeland(在我的祖国举办奥运会)”可知，此处指亨伯特认为在自己祖国举办奥运会是自己参加马拉松的礼物，故选A。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，亨伯特不确定她是否会收到参加比赛的邀请，因为参加全民马拉松的人数将限制在20024人。A.confident自信的；B.happy快乐的；C.unsure不确定的；D.fortunate幸运的。后文“asthenumberfortheMarathonforAllwillbe___8___to20,024.(因为参加全民马拉松的人数将限制在 20024人)”可知，提到了有人数限制，所以她不确定是否会收到参加比赛的邀请，故选C。【28题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，亨伯特不确定她是否会收到参加比赛的邀请，因为参加全民马拉松的人数将限制在20024人。A.recommended推荐；B.recognized识别；C.increased增加；D.fixed修理，安装，设定。根据后文“to20,024(到20024人)”指参加全民马拉松的人数将限制在20024人。故选D。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他正在等待体育部关于为他妻子保留一张入场券的请求。A.honour荣誉；B.interest兴趣；C.request请求；D.order命令。根据后文“toreserveapieceofadmissionpaperforhiswife(为他妻子保留一张入场券)”指请求体育部为他妻子保留一张入场券。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：许多奖牌挂在芭芭拉和雅克家的门口。A.races比赛；B.medals奖章；C.flags旗帜；D.T-shirtsT恤。呼应上文“hasthemedalstoshowforit(并获得了奖牌)”此处指许多奖牌挂在芭芭拉和雅克家的门口。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们让芭芭拉想起了她参加过的所有比赛，从雅典到波士顿和许多其他城市。A.remind提醒；B.warn警告；C.tell告诉；D.praise赞美。根据后文“Barbaraofalltheracesshehastakenpartin(芭芭拉回忆她参加过的所有比赛)”可知，这些奖牌提醒芭芭拉她参加过的所有比赛，remindsb.ofsth.表示“提醒某人某事”。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她计算出她在这些比赛中已经跑了大约8000公里。A.hiked远足；B.tracked追踪；C.led带领；D.covered覆盖，走了多少路。根据后文“about8,000kilometers(大约8000公里)”指走过多长的距离，应用动词cover。故选D。【33题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：亨伯特希望其他人跟随她的脚步。A.giveup放弃；B.standup站立；C.cutout剪掉；D.comealong前往，跟随。根据后文“Shesaidofrunning,“Itgivesyoubalance.Yourun,youemptyyourhead,youfeel___14___relaxedafterwards(她说到跑步，它给你平衡，你跑步，清空大脑，之后你会感到极度放松。)”她描述了跑步的好处，可知是希望其他人跟随她的脚步。故选D。【34题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：你跑步，清空大脑，之后你会感到极度放松。A.formally正式地；B.extremely非常；C.hardly几乎不；D.actually实际上。根据上文“Yourun,youemptyyourhead(你跑步，清空大脑)”指跑步之后非常放松。故选B。 【35题详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：芭芭拉正在计划更多的比赛，而不仅仅是停留在已经取得的成就上。A.becauseof因为；B.aheadof在……之前；C.ratherthan而不是；D.otherthan除了……之外。根据上文“Barbaraisplanningformoreraces(芭芭拉正在计划更多的比赛)”可知，前后为转折含义，表示芭芭拉正在计划更多的比赛，而不仅仅是停留在已经取得的成就上。故选C。第Ⅱ卷第二节语法填空(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面材料，在空白处填适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Singapore’straditionofeatingoutinplacescalledhawker(小商贩)centershasbeenrecognizedbytheUnitedNationsforits____36____(culture)importancesofar.Ahawkerisaperson____37____sellsfoodorgoodsbyshoutingatpassers-byonthestreet.Hawkersare____38____specialpartofSingaporeanculture.Open-aireatingareaswherehawkerssell____39____(they)goodsareverypopularinSingapore.____40____Wednesday,theUnitedNations’culturalagency,UNESCO,addedthecity’s“hawkerculture”toitsRepresentativeListoftheIntangibleCulturalHeritageofHumanity.Singapore____41____(apply)tohavehawkercultureaddedtothelistabouttwoyearsago.Becauseithasbeenrecognized,SingaporemustprovideareporteverysixyearstoUNESCO.Thereportmustspecificallyshowmeasuresthatthecity-statehastaken____42____(save)andsupportitshawkerculture.“Thesecentersserveas‘communitydiningrooms’wherepeoplefromdiversebackgroundsgatherandsharetheexperienceof____43____(chat)overbreakfast,lunchanddinner,”UNESCOsaid.However,Singapore’shawkerculturedoesfacedifficulties.Theaverageageofhawkers____44____(be)60yearsold.YoungerSingaporeansnowwanttoworkinoffices.Theyare_____45_____(little)interestedinworkinginsmallrestaurants.【答案】36.cultural37.who##that38.a39.their40.On41.applied42.tosave43.chatting44.is45.less【解析】【导语】 这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了新加坡小贩文化的历史和重要性，以及它如何成为新加坡文化的代表之一。【36题详解】考查形容词。句意：到目前为止，新加坡在被称为小贩中心的地方外出就餐的传统已因其文化重要性而得到联合国的认可。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做定语表示属性，使用形容词，故填cultural。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：小贩是指通过在街上对路人大喊大叫来出售食物或商品的人。分析句子结构，这是一个包含定语从句的复合句，先行词为：person，因先行词在定语从句中做主语指人，使用关系代词that或who引导定语从句，故填who/that。【38题详解】考查冠词。句意：小贩是新加坡文化的一个特殊部分。分析句子结构，因空白处后面有名词，根据冠词的用法，名词前需使用不定冠词表示“一个”含义，因空白处后面名词的第一个发音音素为辅音，故填a。【39题详解】考查代词。句意：露天用餐区是小贩们出售商品的地方，在新加坡非常受欢迎。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作定语，使用形容词性物主代词，故填their。【40题详解】考查介词。句意：周三，联合国文化机构联合国教科文组织将该市的“小贩文化”列入其人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。分析句子结构，onWednesday为固定用法，表示“星期……”的含义的名词前需使用介词on，故填On。【41题详解】考查时态。句意：大约两年前，新加坡申请将小贩文化列入名单。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中做谓语，根据时间状语abouttwoyearsago可知句子表示的是过去发生的动作，谓语动词使用一般过去时，故填applied。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：报告必须具体说明这个城市国家为拯救和支持其小贩文化所采取的措施。takemeasurestodosth“采取措施做某事”，故填tosave。【43题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：联合国教科文组织表示：“这些中心是‘社区餐厅’，来自不同背景的人聚集在这里，分享早餐、午餐和晚餐时的聊天体验。分析句子结构，因空白处前面有介词of，可知空白处应填动名词，故填chatting。【44题详解】考查时态。句意：小贩的平均年龄为60 岁。分析句子结构，空白处在句子中作谓语，因句子表示的是一个客观情况，谓语动词使用一般现在时，又因主语为单数，故填is。【45题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：他们对在小餐馆工作不太感兴趣。根据下文“workinginsmallrestaurants(在餐馆里工作)”可知此处要将在餐馆里工作和摆摊子工作进行对比，空白处使用形容词的比较级，故填less。第三节单词拼写(每空1分，满分15分)根据句意，写出单词的正确形式。46.如果你想要给别人留下好的第一印象，一定要注意的你行为举止。Ifyouwanttoleaveagoodfirst________onothers,domindyour________.【答案】①.impression②.behavior【解析】【详解】考查名词。根据汉语提示，表示“印象”含义的名词为impression，表示“举止”含义的名词为behavior，因以上两个名词均为不可数名词，使用名词原形，故填impression；behavior。47.他没办法减肥，因为他的第一个挑战就是如何保持均衡的饮食。Hecan’tloseweight,becausehisfirst________ishowtokeepabalanced________.【答案】①.challenge②.diet【解析】【详解】考查名词。对比中英文可知，缺少“挑战”应用challenge，空后为is，可知应用单数的形式；表示“饮食”应用diet，空前为a，设空处应用名词单数的形式。故填①challenge；②diet。48.定期锻炼身体不仅增强了我的体力，而且让我对生活有了积极的态度。Workingoutregularlynotonlyhelpsbuildupmy________,butalsoenablesmetohaveapositive________towardslife.【答案】①.strength②.attitude【解析】【详解】考查名词。第一空表示“体力”，用名词strength作动词短语“buildup”的宾语，strength做“体力”讲为不可数名词；第二空表示“态度”，用名词attitude作动词“have”的宾语，attitude是可数名词，由空前的“a”可知此处用单数形式。故填①strength②attitude。49.这位老师很受尊敬，因为她平等对待每一位同学，而且能在每一次紧急情况中保持冷静。Theteacherisgreatlyrespected,becauseshetreatseverystudent________andcanstay________ineveryemergency.【答案】①.equally或fairly②.calm 【解析】【详解】考查副词和形容词。第一空表示“平等”，用副词equally或fairly，作状语，修饰动词treats；第二空表示“冷静”，应用形容词calm，作连系动词stay的表语。故填①equally或fairly；②calm。50.虽然被埋在废墟里整整两天，他最终因为警察的营救在从地震中幸存了下来。________beingburiedinruinsfortwodays,hefinally________theearthquakebecauseofthepolice’srescue.【答案】①.Despite②.survived【解析】【详解】考查介词和动词。第一空表示“虽然”，使用介词despite，首字母应大写；第二空表示“幸存”，使用动词survive，句子是描述过去发生的事情，故第二空用动词过去式。故填①Despite②survived。51.对网络上瘾的青少年更容易患上精神疾病。Teenagers________totheInternetaremorelikelyto________________mentalillnesses.【答案】①.addicted②.suffer③.from【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词和动词短语。“对……上瘾”使用固定短语beaddictedto，此处使用过去分词作后置定语；“患上（疾病）”使用动词短语sufferfrom，belikelytodosth“可能做某事”，故第二空用动词原形。故填①addicted②suffer③from。52.我仍然记得我们的第一次见面，似乎发生在昨天一样。Icanrememberourfirstmeeting________________itwereyesterday.【答案】①.as②.if/though【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。空处表示“似乎”，用固定短语asif/though，引导方式状语从句。故填①as②if/though。第四部分写作(满分25分)53.假定你是李华，你打算寒假期间去中国某个城市旅游。请你给来自英国的交换生Terry发邮件邀请他与你同游。内容主要包括：1.邀请Terry与你同游；2.介绍你的旅游计划；3.注意事项。注意：1.词数120左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________【答案】DearTerry,Howiseverythinggoing?IintendtotraveltoSanYainHainanprovinceduringthewinterholiday.Iamwritingtoinviteyoutojoinmeandhavefuntogether.Accordingtomyplan,IwillstayinSanYaforfivedays.Inadditiontoenjoyingthebeautifulnaturalscenery,Iwilltakepartinthrillingwatersports,suchassnorkelingandsurfing.Notonlycanwetastevariouslocalsnacks,butalsowewillexperiencethelocallifeandart.AsfarasIknow,youareasuperbswimmer.Therefore,Idefinitelybelieveitwillbegreatfunforustodiveundertheseaandswimalongwiththecolorfulfishes.Justremembertoputonasunscreenorwemightgetsun-burnt.SanYaiswellworthvisiting.I’msureyouwillfallinlovewithitatfirstsight.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.【解析】【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给来自英国的交换生Terry发邮件，邀请他寒假期间一起去中国某个城市旅游。【详解】1.词汇积累除了：inadditionto→apartfrom参加：takepartin→participatein因此：therefore→asaresult值得一游：beworthvisiting→beworthavisit2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Inadditiontoenjoyingthebeautifulnaturalscenery,Iwilltakepartinthrillingwatersports,suchassnorkelingandsurfing.拓展句：Inadditiontoenjoyingthebeautifulnaturalscenery,Iwilltakepartinthrillingwatersports,whichincludesnorkelingandsurfing.【点睛】【高分句型1】Notonlycanwetastevariouslocalsnacks,butalsowewillexperiencethelocallifeandart.（运用了notonly位于句首引起的部分倒装句）【高分句型2】Therefore,Idefinitelybelieveitwillbegreatfunforustodiveundertheseaandswimalongwiththecolorfulfishes.（运用了省略that的宾语从句）听力1-5:BCBAB6-10:ACCCB11-15:BBCCA16-20:ACBAA