2024-2025学年译林版七年级英语上学期期末复习 Unit 1~Unit 4 教材知识梳理【考点串讲】

译林版丨七年级上册Unit1~Unit4考点串讲 目录用法梳理3词汇变形1短语过关2语法精讲4 词汇变形01 1词汇变形greetv.→greetingintroducev.→introductionn.friendn.→friendlyadj.politeadj.→impolitepaintv.→paintingn.endn.→endlessadj.artn.→artistn.designv.→designern. 1词汇变形buildv.→buildingn.dinner→diningchat→chatted/chattingexcitev.→exciting/excitedadj.many/much→more→mostrealadj.→reallyadv.teachv.→teachern.differentadj.→differencen. 1词汇变形activity→activitieswritev.→writern.amazev.→amazing/amazedadj.tour→touristvideo→videospeacen.→peacefuladj.tirev.→tired/tiringadj. 短语过关02 2短语过关introduceeachother互相介绍introduce...tosb给某人介绍...sbgoby...callsb...称为...,叫作...beglad/happytodosth很高兴做某事inClass1,Grade7在七年级一班likeplayingthepiano喜欢弹钢琴enjoy/like/lovedoingsth喜欢做某事like/lovetodo喜欢做某事(一次性)welcometosp欢迎来到welcomebacktosp欢迎回到befullofenergy充满能量have/withlonghair留着长发wear/withglasses戴着眼镜 2短语过关watchfootballmatches观看足球比赛afootballmatchwith...一场和...的比赛one’sfavourite+名词=like...best最喜欢playChinesechess下中国象棋at/ontheweekend=at/onweekends在周末have(great/much/alotof)fun很有趣makefriendswithsb和某人交朋友other+复数其他的...Nicetomeetyou!Nicetomeetyoutoo!很高兴认识你！ 2短语过关keep/stayfit/healthy保持健康oneof+名词复数...之一changeone’slife改变某人的生活take...apart拆开inone’sfreetime在某人空余时间goontheinternet上网ontheinternet在互联网上answerstohisendlessquestions无尽问题的答案I’msure+(that)从句我确定...cometrue实现 2短语过关lookfor寻找lookafter照顾lookat看着showone’slovefor...展示对...的爱somuch+不可数名词如此多somany+复数名词inthisway用这种方法usesthtodo使用某物来做某事sharesthwithsb和某人分享/共用某物makesbdosth使某人做某事makemefeelhappy使我感到快乐plantodo计划做某事aplanfor...为...作的计划jointhePaintingClub加入油画俱乐部 2短语过关haveagreattime=havefun=enjoyoneself玩的开心amember/membersof...=a...member/...members→bein......的成员playvolleyballwell排球打的好talkaboutsth谈论某事talkwith/tosb和某人交谈amasterofChinesepainting中国画大师hispaintingofhorses他关于马的画arolemodel榜样worksofart艺术品inthefuture在将来 2短语过关asportsfield运动场afootballfield足球场abigdininghall一个大餐厅aswell也ourclassroombuilding我们的教学楼the/aperfectplace(forsb)todo(某人)做某事的完美地方whatexcitingnews多么激动人心的消息啊lotsofexcitingsportsmatches许多激动人心的体育比赛teachsbtodo教某人做某事teachsbhowtodosth教某人如何做某事thousandsof+复数数千，成千上万threethousand+复数三千 2短语过关infact事实上borrowsthfrom...向/从...借whatelse其他什么东西somethingelse其他某人someoneelse’s其他某人的careaboutusalot非常关心我们takecareof照顾waitaminute等一会儿agreybuildingwiththreefloors有三层楼的灰色大楼atatime一次onthetopfloor在顶楼enjoyawonderfulbookandsomequiettime享受一本精彩的书籍和安静的时光getup起床 2过关短语dothehousework做家庭作业doone’shomework做家务onweekdays在周末doafter-schoolactivities做课外活动goforashortjog去慢跑agoodway(forsb)todosth(某人)做某事的好方法studymanylivingthings研究许多活着的东西learnaboutnature了解大自然startdoing/starttodo开始做某事practice/practisedoing练习做某事 2短语过关goonafieldtrip去实地考察leavesp离开某地leaveforsp动身去某地leave...forsp离开...去某地ofcourse(not)当然（不）playtennis打网球gorollerskating去滑旱冰growup长大onduty值日ourclassduties班级值日takepartin参加（活动等，强调发挥作用）taketurnstodosth轮流做某事it’sone’sturntodosth轮到某人做某事 2短语过关gettoknow了解onSaturdayafternoons在周六下午haveatourof...去...旅行onthefarm在农场getclosetonature亲近大自然tryone’sbesttodo尽某人最大努力做某事workingroups小组合作dodifferentchores做不同的家务emptythebins清空垃圾箱sweepthefloor扫地keepsth/sb+adj使...保持 用法梳理03 常考定冠词the和零冠词play+球类/棋牌类，不加the：playbasketballplaychessplaythe+乐器，加the：playthepiano三餐前不加thehavebreakfast/lunch/dinner若只表示“一个”，用不定冠词；表示特指，用the.eg:Agoodbreakfastgivesusenergy.Thereisafootballandtwobasketballsonthefloor.Mumbuysmeapianoasabirthdaypresent.Thepianoisbythewindow.3用法梳理 same与differentthesameasbedifferentfromthesame+单数different+复数eg：inthesameclassindifferentgradesIhaveascarfthesameasyours.Hispaintingworksarequitedifferentfromothers’.it作形式主语，todo作真正主语It’sadjtodosth.做某事是...的。It’sadjforsbtodosth.做某事对某人来说是...的。eg:Itisinterestingtovisitfunplaces.It’simportantforustoexerciseoften.3用法梳理 befullof与befilledwith都表示“充满，满是...”eg：Thebigboxisfullofbooks.Thebottleisfilledwithjuice.若句中已有动词，则用fullof/filledwitheg：Doyouseethebasketfullofeggs?No,Ijustseeabottlefullofwater.3用法梳理 begoodatsth/doing=dowellinsth/doing擅长某物/擅长做某事eg：Tomisgoodatswimming.=Tomdoeswellinswimming.一般疑问句：IsTomgoodatswimming?=DoesTomdowellinswumming?否定句：Tomisnotgoodatswimming.=Tomdoesn’tdowellinswiming.beinterestedinsth/doing对...感兴趣makesbinterestedin...使得某人对...感兴趣interesting有趣的，可以指人，也可以指物eg:Tomisinterestedinstories,andhecantellmanyinterestingstories.3用法梳理 3用法梳理ready乐意的，准备好的bereadytodo乐意做某事=bewillingtodo，准备做某事=preparetodogetsthready准备好某物be/getreadyfor...为...做好准备eg:Areyoureadytohelpothers?Wearepreparingforthefinalexam.=Wearegettingreadyforthefinalexam.Canwestartourparty.Wegeteverythingready. 3用法梳理both两者都bothof+复数both...and...和...,既...又...，作主语都是复数both用于be动词后，行为动词前eg：BothofmyparentsthinkIneedtoexerciseoften.Tomcanbothdanceandsingwell.Theybothlikedoingsomereadingintheirfreetime.TheyarebothfromSunshineMiddleSchool.帮助helphelpsbdosth帮助某人做某事，helpsbwithsth在某方面帮助某人withone’shelp=withthehelpofsb在某人帮助下eg:Willyoftenhelpsuswithourstudy.Withhishelp,wegoodgradesintheexams. exercise可数名词：domorningexercises做早操；doeyeexercises作眼保健操doEnglishexercises做英语练习不可数名词：take/doexercise锻炼动词：exercisemoreandeatlessalittle与afewalittle/little+不可数名词，afew/few+复数名词，都表示“一些，少许”few/little是否定词，表示“很少，几乎没有”eg：-Isthereanymilkinthefridge?-No,thereislittle.Shehasafewfriends,andtheyoftenhelpeachother.3用法梳理 hearhearfromsb收到某人的来信hearaboutsth听说hearthat+句子听说、听到hearsbdoing听到某人正在做某事eg:IhearthatyoutravelledtoNewYork.Canyoutellmesomethingaboutit.Lookforwardtohearingfromyou.-Canyouhearabirdspeakinginthenextroomnow?-Yes.It’sMr.Green’sparrot.-Oh,Ididn’thearaboutthenewneighbour.3用法梳理 learnlearn(alot/much/alittle)from...从...中学到...learnabout了解=knowaboutlearnhowtodo了解如何做某事learnhow+主谓了解如何（陈述语序）eg:Wecanlearnaboutteamworkthroughchores.Weshouldlearnhowtoworkingroups.Welearnhowtopickapplesandgrowrice.Wecanlearnhowtheywork.soundsound+形容词soundlike+名词短语eg:Yourplansoundsgreat.ButTom’ssoundslikeajoke.3用法梳理 四个“花费”spendtime/moneyon/doingsth(spent)eg:Theyspendtheirfreetimepractisingbaseball.ittakessbsometimetodosth(took)doingsthtakessbsometimeeg:Ittookhimhalfanhourtowalkhome.sbpaysomemoneyforsth(paid)sbbuysthforsomemoney(bought)eg:Dannypaid100dallorsforthebooks.sthcostsbsomemoney(cost)eg:Thispairofshoescostshimlotsofmoney.3用法梳理 takeplace发生sthtakeplace某事发生，后加时间、地点，指有计划的发生，不用进行时eg:TheOlympicGamestakeplaceeveryfouryears.TheartfestivalwilltakeplacenextSundayintheschoolhall.happen指偶然发生eg:Anaccidenthappenedjustnow.kindallkindsof各种各样的differentkindsof不同种类的akindof一种bekindtosb对某人友善eg:Therearedifferentkindsofbooksinourschoollibrary.Whichkindofbooksdoyoulikebest.3用法梳理 want与wouldlikewantsth=wouldlikesth想要某物want(sb)todosth=wouldliketodo想要做某事eg:Iwantyourhelp.She’dliketovisithisgrandpathisweekend.-Wouldyoulikesth?-Yes,please./No,thanks.(疑问句中some不改any)eg:-Wouldyoulikesometea?-Yes,please.-Wouldyouliketodosth?-Yes,I’dliketo./I’dloveto,but...eg:-Wouldyouliketocometomypartytomorrow?-I’dloveto,butIhavelotsofhomeworktodo.3用法梳理 each每个（范围≥2）each+单数名词，eachof+复数名词，作主语看作三单；复数名词+each，作主语看作复数eg:Eachofbooksisnew.Eachstudentstudieshard.Thestudentseachhavesomehobbies.hope希望hopetodo希望做某事hopethat+从句（sbwill/cando）eg:Shehopestobeadancerinthefuture.Shehopesthatherparentswillgiveherabirthdaypresent.3用法梳理 语法精讲04 4语法精讲考点一：主语是第三人称单数1.单数名词，不可数名词：eg：Anbabypandalookslikeatangyuan.2.复合不定代词：eg:Somethingiswrongwithmybike.Everyoneishere.3.oneof+复数：eg:OneofmyfriendisfromtheUK.4.who/what作主语eg:Whatmakesyousoworried?5.有后置定语修饰的单数名词eg：TheboywithglassescomesfromAustralia. 4语法精讲考点二：一般现在时的定义与时间状语表示：①经常性、习惯性动作②目前的爱好、能力等③不受时限的客观事实eg:Millieisfriendlyandnicetoeveryone.Thesunrisesintheeast.时间状语：①onSunday、attheweekend...②everymorning、everyyear...③sometimes、usually、often...④inthemorning/evening...insummer/spring... 4语法精讲考点三：动词三单形式的变化规则①大多数动词后加sget-gets②以chshsx结尾的动词后加eswatch-watches,go-goes③以辅音字母+y结尾的动词,去y变i,加esstudy-studies④特殊：have-has考点四：一般现在时的句型变化规则：①有be动词和情态动词：就用be动词和情态动词，否定句在be动词/情态动词后加not，疑问句将be动词/情态动词置于主语前②没有be动词和情态动词：就添加助动词do和does，否定句在do/does后加not，疑问句将do/does置于主语前；动词都用原形三单主语用does，非三单用do 4语法精讲eg：Milliedoesn’toftengetupearly.DoesMilliewalktoschooleverymorning.Dothebookslooknew?Thebooksdon’tlooknew.Canacatswimintheriver.Thedogscan’tswimintheriver.Istheboyyournewclassmates?Classroomsinourschoolaren’tbigbutclean. 4语法精讲考点五：人称代词主格与宾格主格作主语，用于动词前；宾格作宾语，用于动词或介词后eg：HeteachesusChinese.he是主格作主语，us是宾格作宾语Thecatislost.Wearelookingforit.we是主格作主语，it是宾格作宾语 4语法精讲考点六：形容词性物主代词与名词性物主代词形容词性物主代词后接名词名词性物主代词后不加名词，名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词eg:Yourcoatisthesameashers.your是形容词性物主代词，后加名词coat；hers是名词性物主代词，不能再加名词coat，相当于hercoat. 4语法精讲考点七：时间介词on用于：星期；某一天；某一天的早中晚夜；被天气、季节等修饰的早中晚夜；含有Day的节日eg：onMonday,onMondayafternoon,onacoldnight,onasummerevening,onthemorningofMay10th,onTeachers’Day考点八：时间介词in用于：年份；月份；季节；一天中的早中晚eg:inthemoring；inAugust；inSpring考点九：时刻；年龄；不止一天的节日、传统节日；固定词组eg:at4o’clock；at10yearsold；atSpringFestival；atnight 4语法精讲考点十：频度副词频度副词用于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后；行为动词之前。eg:Tinaisalwayscarefulwithherhomework.WeneverwatchTVonschooldays. 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