高中英语2025届高考人教版词汇讲解练习系列0414（共5个）

高考英语词汇讲解练习一、inresponseto，reward【活学活用】几道小题掌握常考词汇、短语、句型；以练代背记单词，眼过千遍不如手过一遍。inresponseto回答;答复Secondly,thereisa“routine”,theregularactionyoutakeinresponsetothecue.第二是“惯常行为”,即你根据触发因素采取的常规行动。(1)responsen.回答,回应;反应makea/noresponseto对……做出回应/不予回答(2)respondv.回答,回应;有改进;见起色respondto回答,回应【佳句背诵】(1)Itwassometimebeforethedooropenedinresponsetohisring.他按完门铃后过了一会儿门才打开。(2)Inresponsetotheactivity,wechoosesomeexcellentstudentstotakepartintheEnglishcompetition.为了响应这一活动,我们选了一些优秀的学生参加这个英语竞赛。【活学活用】[单句填空]①Thereseemstobelittle　　(respond)fromtheaudiencetotheperformance.②Youcangiveabriefresponse　　amessagewithanemojiorapictureontheInternet.③Asaneditor,Ihavetospendmyeveningsandweekends　　(respond)toe-mailsfromreadersaroundthecountry.[完成句子]④Thereportfoundthatyoungstersfelttheirfriendshipscouldbeatrisk　　quicklyandaroundtheclock.报告发现,如果年轻人不快速、全天候地回复社交媒体的帖子,他们就会感觉自己的人际关系处于危险中。⑤　　,theplaywillbeputoninthetheatretwiceaweek.应观众的强烈要求,这部戏将会在这个剧院每周上演两次。【答案】①response②to③responding④iftheydidnotrespondtosocialmediaposts⑤Torespondto/Inresponsetotheaudience'sgreatdemandrewardn.报酬;报答;(moneyofferedorgivenforsomespecialservice)酬金vt.(togivearewardtoorfor)给以报酬;报答;奖赏Thirdly,thereisthe“reward”,thegoodthingorfeelingwegetfromtheroutine.第三是“回报”,即我们从惯常行为中得到的美好的事物或感觉。8,(1)inrewardfor作为对……的报酬/报答asarewardfor…作为对……的报酬/奖赏give/offerarewardtosbforsth为某事而给某人报酬(2)rewardsbfor(doing)sth因……而酬谢/报答某人rewardsbwithsth用……酬谢/报答某人(3)rewardingadj.值得做的,有益的【佳句背诵】(1)EveryonewhoreachedthetopofMountTaiwasrewardedwithamagnificentview.任何一个登上泰山之巅的人都会欣赏到美丽的风景。(2)Attheawardceremony,MrJacksonsaid,“Forme,therehasbeennogreaterreward/norewardgreaterthanyoursupport.”在颁奖仪式上,杰克逊先生说,“对我来说,没有什么回报比你的支持更好了。”【活学活用】[单句填空]①Thefiremenweregivenamedalasareward　　savingthechild'slife.②Thecompanyrewardedhimforhisyearsofservice　　agrandfarewellparty.③Learningaforeignlanguagewasoneofthemostdifficultyetmost　　(reward)experiencesofmylife.[完成句子/一句多译]④Thestudentshavebeenworkinghardattheirlessonsandtheirefforts　　intheend.学生们一直在努力学习,他们的努力最终会得到回报。⑤作为对他努力的回报,库克先生去年获得了大笔奖金以及价值5900万美元的股票期权。→Forhisefforts,MrCook　　agreatamountofcashandstockoptionsworth$59mlastyear.→　　,MrCookreceivedagreatamountofcashandstockoptionsworth$59mlastyear.→　　,MrCookreceivedagreatamountofcashandstockoptionsworth$59mlastyear.【答案】①for②with③rewarding④willberewarded⑤wasrewardedwith；Inrewardforhisefforts；Asarewardforhisefforts二、abuse，dominateabusevt.(tousesomethingforthewrongpurposeinawaythatisharmfulormorallywrong)滥用;虐待;辱骂n.滥用;虐待;辱骂Forexample,someofthemmaybecomeinvolvedintobaccooralcoholabuse,whichcanleadtophysicalandmentalhealthproblems.例如,一些青少年可能吸烟成瘾或酗酒,造成身心健康问题。(1)abuseone'spower滥用某人的权力(2)anabuseofpower滥用权力8,alcohol/drugabuse(=anabuseofalcohol/drug)酗酒/嗜毒(3)abusiveadj.辱骂的;虐待的【活学活用】[单句填空]①Thefilmcontainsviolenceand　　(abuse)languageandisunsuitableforchildren.②Janetwasthoughtto　　(abuse)byherfathersinceshewaseleven.③Whatshedidwas　　abuseofherpositionasmanager.[完成句子/句式改写]④　　willbringournextgenerationaterriblefuture.滥用能源会给我们的下一代带来可怕的未来。⑤Williamsisnowunderinvestigationbecausehe　　asmayortogivejobstohisfriends.→　　asmayortogivejobstohisfriends,Williamsisnowunderinvestigation.(用分词改写)威廉姆斯由于滥用市长职务给他的朋友们提供工作,目前正在接受调查。【答案】①abusive②havebeenabused③an④Abusingenergy/Energyabuse⑤hasabusedhisposition/power；Havingabusedhisposition/powerdominatevt.&vi.(tocontrolorhavealotofinfluenceoversb/sth,especiallyinanunpleasantway)支配;控制;占有优势;在……中拥有最重要的位置;俯视;高耸于Topreventharmfulhabitslikethesefromdominatingateenager'slifeisessential.防止此类有害习惯主宰青少年的生活是至关重要的。(1)dominatethewholecountry统治整个国家(2)dominationn.控制;支配underthedominationof在……的支配下(3)dominantadj.占主导地位的;占优势的;首要的【佳句背诵】(1)Thebookisexpectedtodominatethebest-sellerlists.这本书预计会占据畅销书排行榜的榜首。(2)Fromtheearliestdaysoftheindustry,Hollywoodhasdominatedtheworldfilmmarket.从(电影)行业的早期开始,好莱坞就主导了世界电影市场。【活学活用】[单句填空]①Parishasplayeda　　(dominate)roleinFrance,notjustinpoliticaltermsbutalsoineconomicpower.②Thecompanyhasstruggledtomaintainits　　(dominate)inthemarketplaceinthepastfewyears.③Thememorialseemsalmostugly,　　(dominate)thelandscapeformilesaround.8,[完成句子]④　　theseemotions,sheburstoutcrying.在这些情绪的支配下,她突然哭了起来。⑤Asisgraphicallydescribedinthecartoon,modernlife　　.正如漫画中形象描述的那样,现代生活已经被电脑主宰。【答案】①dominant②domination③dominating④Underthedominationof⑤hasbeendominatedbycomputers三、sb/sthbethoughttodo...【活学活用】几道小题掌握常考词汇、短语、句型；以练代背记单词，眼过千遍不如手过一遍。SomeoftheitemsondisplayarethoughttohavecomefromthecollectionofEmperorQianlong(1711—1799),agreatadmirerofShangDynastybronze.其中一些展品被认为是来自对商朝青铜器大为赞赏的乾隆皇帝(1711年—1799年)的收藏品。sb/sthbethoughttodo/tobedoing/tohavedonesth【句式点拨】句中sb/sthbethoughttodo…意为“……被认为……”,此结构可以转换为“Itisthoughtthat…”。【相关拓展】可用于此结构的动词还有say,report,know,believe,expect,hope,suggest等。使用时注意不定式的一般式、进行式及完成式在句子中的变化。(1)Itissaidthatshewillgoabroadforfurtherstudynextmonth.→Sheissaidtogoabroadforfurtherstudynextmonth.据说她下个月要出国进修。(未来动作转化为不定式的一般式)(2)Itissaidthatsheiswritingareportaboutwildlifeprotectionatpresent.→Sheissaidtobewritingareportaboutwildlifeprotectionatpresent.据说她目前正在写一篇关于保护野生动物的报告。(正进行的动作转化为不定式的进行式)(3)Itissaidthatshewroteareportaboutwildlifeprotectiontheotherday.→Sheissaidtohavewrittenareportaboutwildlifeprotectiontheotherday.据说前几天她写了一篇关于保护野生动物的报告。(发生了的动作转化为不定式的完成式)【活学活用】[单句填空]①Heissaid　　(write)anewnovel,butwhenhewillfinishitremainsunknown.②Thetreasureissaid　　(bury)onthisunknownislandbypiratesacenturyago.③Severalnewsubwaylinesarereported　　(build)inthecitynextyear,whichwillmakeitmoreconvenientforpeopletogoout.◆句式改写④It　　thatanumberofpaintingsinthiscastleweredestroyedinabigfirein2009.→Anumberofpaintingsinthiscastle　　inabigfirein2009.(用不定式改写)人们相信这座城堡里大量的画在2009年的一场大火里被毁掉了。8,【答案】①tobewriting②tohavebeenburied③tobebuilt④isbelieved；arebelievedtohavebeendestroyedEventhoughBuddhismenteredChinamuchearlier,itdidnotreallybegintoshowexpansionuntiltheseventhcentury.虽然佛教传入中国更早,但直到公元七世纪它才真正开始广泛传播。not…until…直到……才……句型公式句式点拨句中“not…until…”引导时间状语从句,意为“直到……才……”,主句谓语动词一般用短暂性动词,如go,come,leave,die,arrive,buy,enter等。另外,until用于肯定句时,意为“到……时,直到……为止”,主句谓语动词用延续性动词。相关拓展(1)“not…until…”的强调句结构:“Itis/wasnotuntil+被强调部分+that+其他.”,意为“直到……才……”。(2)“not…until…”的倒装结构:“notuntil从句+助动词/系动词/情态动词+(主句)主语+谓语”,意为“直到……才……”。【活学活用】[单句填空]①Thechildrenarenotallowedin　　theschoolbellrings,whatevertheweather.②Itwasnotuntilneartheendoftheletter　　shementionedherownplan.③Notuntilrecently　　theyencouragethedevelopmentoftourist-relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.◆句式改写④Ididn'trealizethatshewasafamousfilmstar　　.→　　Irealizedthatshewasafamousfilmstar.(用强调句改写)→　　thatshewasafamousfilmstar.(用倒装句改写)直到她摘下墨镜,我才意识到她是一位著名的电影明星。【答案】①until②that③did④untilshetookoffhersunglasses；Itwasnotuntilshetookoffhersunglassesthat；NotuntilshetookoffhersunglassesdidIrealize四、guarantee，worthy【活学活用】几道小题掌握常考词汇、短语、句型；以练代背记单词，眼过千遍不如手过一遍。guaranteevt.(topromisethatsomethingwillhappenorexist)保证;确保;肯定……必然发生n.保证;保修单;担保物Weguaranteethat“FromShangtoQing:ChineseArtThroughtheAges”willtransportyoutoanothertimewithitsamazingcollectionofworks.我们保证“从商到清:中国历代艺术”展览将通过其精彩的藏品带你进入另一个时代。8,(1)guaranteetodosth保证/担保做某事guaranteesbsth向某人保证/担保某事guaranteethat…保证……(2)givesbaguaranteethat…向某人保证……underguarantee在保修期内【活学活用】[单句填空]①　　(guarantee)itseconomicgrowth,Chinaneedstodealwiththepopulationissueproperly,asitsworkersaregettingolder.②Thecomputerhasbeeninuseformanyyears,farbeyondits　　(guarantee)lifespan.③Hegavemeaguarantee　　hewouldfinishthetaskwithinthreedays.[完成句子]④Theshopsaidtheywouldreplacethetelevisionforussinceitwasstill　　.商店说他们会给我们更换那台电视机,因为它还在保修期内。⑤Asforpreparation,readingsomeChinesenovelsinadvance　　theChineselanguageenvironment.(应用文写作之建议信)关于准备,提前阅读一些中文小说可以保证你适应中文环境。【答案】①Toguarantee②guaranteed③that④underguarantee⑤willguaranteetomakeyouadapttoworthyadj.(deservingrespect,admiration,orsupport)值得……的;值得尊敬的,值得赞赏的Ifyouarenotinterestedinworksofartbyclassicalmasters,contemporaryartbyemergingartistsisalsoworthyofyourattention.如果你对古典大师的艺术作品不感兴趣,那么新兴艺术家的当代艺术作品也值得你关注。(1)beworthyofbeingdone/tobedone(=beworthdoing)(某事)值得做beworthyofsth值得某物,应获得某物(2)worthwhileadj.值得(花时间、金钱、精力)的beworthwhiletodo/doingsth值得做某事【活学活用】[单句填空]①Nocomposerwasconsideredworthy　thenameuntilhehadwrittenanopera.②Idon'tthinkitisworthwhile　　(devote)somuchtimetodiscussingthematter.③Howtodealwiththetestisanissueworthy　　(consider).[完成句子/一句多译]④Peoplesay:“Guilin'ssceneryispeerlessintheworld.”ItwasnotuntilIvisitedtheplacethatIfounditreally　　.人们都说“桂林山水甲天下”,我到桂林一看,才发现果然名不虚传。⑤那座教堂是那些古老而漂亮的英国建筑物之一,值得去参观。8,→ThechurchwasoneofthosefineoldEnglishstructuresand　　.(用worth)→ThechurchwasoneofthosefineoldEnglishstructuresand　　.(用worthy)→ThechurchwasoneofthosefineoldEnglishstructuresand　　.(用worthwhile)【答案】①of　②todevote/devoting③tobeconsidered/ofbeingconsidered④worthyofthereputation/fame⑤wasworthvisiting；wasworthytobevisited/ofbeingvisited；itwasworthwhiletovisit/visitingit五、recognition，bring…tolife【活学活用】几道小题掌握常考词汇、短语、句型；以练代背记单词，眼过千遍不如手过一遍。recognitionn.(agreementthatsomethingistrueorlegal)承认;认出;赞誉Intime,hegainedrecognitionasoneofthegreatestartistsChinahaseverknown.终于,他被公认为中国有史以来最伟大的艺术家之一。(1)beyond/outof(all)recognition难以认出(2)recognizesb/sthas/tobe…承认某人/物是……Itis(generally)recognizedthat…人们公认……(3)recognizedadj.公认的;认可的【活学活用】[单句填空]①Heglancedbrieflytowardsherbuttherewasnosignof　　(recognize).②Sheisa　　(recognize)leaderinthewomen'sliberationmovement.③　　(recognize)whereveryougoisthepriceyoupayforbeingfamous.[完成句子/句式改写]④Withthedevelopmentofitseconomy,thelittletownhaschanged　　inthelastfewyears.随着经济的发展,这个小镇在过去的几年中已经变得认不出来了。⑤LionelMessi　　oneofthegreatestplayersofalltime.→　　LionelMessiisoneofthegreatestplayersofalltime.(用it作形式主语改写)莱昂内尔·梅西被公认为有史以来最伟大的球员之一。【答案】①recognition②recognized③Beingrecognized④beyond/outofrecognition⑤hasbeen/iswidelyrecognizedas；Itiswidelyrecognizedthatbring…tolife赋予……生命;使……鲜活起来8,cometolife变得更有趣;活跃起来;显得逼真comebacktolife复活;苏醒【佳句背诵】Waterbirdsplayinginthelake,andcattleandsheepwanderingthegrasslandsbringthescenerytolife.水鸟在湖中嬉戏,牛羊在草原上漫步,使景色栩栩如生。【活学活用】◆用come短语的适当形式填空①Itwasnotuntil3dayslaterthattheboy　　(苏醒过来)andexplainedtothepolicewhathadhappenedtohim.②Themomentwelearntthatwewouldtakepartinthefarmworkprogramme,weall　　(活跃起来).③Afterafewmonths'repair,theoldcitywas　　(鲜活起来)again.[完成句子]④Ilikehowthebookisclearlywrittenwitheachchapter　　bypiecesoffascinatingknowledge.我喜欢这本书清晰的编写方式,各种引人入胜的知识给每一章都赋予了生命。【答案】①camebacktolife②cametolife③broughttolife④broughttolife8