初中英语新人教版八年级上册Unit 1 Happy Holiday单词解析（B部分）（2025秋）

八年级英语上册Unit1单词解析（B部分）1.Bored(形容词)厌倦的、烦闷的[用法讲解]bored为形容词.常常用来形容人。Eg:Ifeelboredsittingathomeallday.我整天坐在家里感到很无聊。[常见搭配]beboredwith/about...对...感到无聊Eg:Sheisboredwithherjob.她对她的工作感到无聊。[派生词]boring为形容词.译为“令人无聊的”.常常用来修饰物；boredom为名词.译为“无聊、厌烦”。Eg:Thismovieisveryboring.这部电影非常无聊。Thiscanreallybethecuretoyourboredomatwork.这可能是治愈你工作厌烦的良方。[常见搭配]kill/beatboredom打发时间、缓解无聊Eg:Ireadbookstokillboredomduringthelongfight.在漫长的飞行中.我通过读书来打发时间。[即学即用](1)Myfatherwas______afteralongdayatwork.A.boringB.boredC.boreD.boredom答案：B2.Standup站起、起立Eg:Pleasestandupwhentheteacherenterstheclassroom.老师走进教室时.请起立。[常见搭配]standupforsb./sth.支持、维护某人/某物Standuptosb./sth.抵抗、勇敢反对某人/某物Eg:Healwaysstandsupfortherightsofminorities.他始终维护少数群体的权益。Ijustdon’tthinkherearlyworkstandsupincomparisontohermodernmasterpieces.我只是不认为她早期的作品能与她现代的杰作相提并论。[即学即用](1)当老师进来时.请站起来。Please______________whentheteachercome.答案：standup3.Towards(介词)(=toward)向、朝[用法讲解]towards主要用于表示方向或目标。Eg:Shewalkedtowardsthedoor.她朝门走去。Weareworkingtowardsasolution.我们正在努力寻找解决方案。Thecarmovedtowardsusontheroad.汽车在路上向我们驶来。8,[即学即用](1)Thedogisrunning_____me.A.inB.withC.atD.towards答案：D4.Rainbow(名词)虹、彩虹[用法讲解]rainbow为可数名词.其复数形式为rainbows；rainbow还可为形容词.译为“五彩缤纷的、彩虹状的”。Eg:Thereareseveralrainbowsintheskyaftertheheavyrain.大雨过后天空有几道彩虹。Therainbowcolorsarejustforaddedeffect.彩虹色的箭头仅仅是为了增强效果而已。[常见搭配]attheendoftherainbow在可望而不可即的地方Chaserainbows做白日梦、幻想Eg:Manypeoplethinkthatwealthandfameareattheendoftherainbow.很多人认为财富和名誉是遥不可及的东西。Don’tjustchaserainbows,youshouldfacethereality.不要只是做白日梦.你应该面对现实。[即学即用](1)Therearesome________(rainbow)inthesky.答案：rainbows5.Square(名词)广场、正方形；(形容词)正方形的、平方的[用法讲解]square也可为副词.译为“径直地、公平地”。Eg:Thisisasquareroom.这是一个正方形的房间。Tian’anmenSquare天安门广场Asquaredeal公平的交易Helookedmesquareintheeye.他看着我的眼睛。[常见搭配]squaremeter平方米Squareaway解决、整顿Squareone’sshoulders挺起肩膀Eg:Theaveragepriceis3000RMB/squaremeter.每平米的平均价位是3000元人民币。Heistryingtogetallhislegaltroublessquaredawayassoonaspossible.他努力把所有法律上的麻烦搞定。Youneedtosquareyourshouldersforthesubsequenttask.为了接下来的任务.你要做好准备。[即学即用](1)这个广场有500平方米。Thesquareis500_____________.答案：squaremeters6.During(介词)在...期间[用法讲解]during在某个时间段内.强调动作的持续性和时间的连续性。Eg:Shereceivedthreecallsduringthemeeting.会议期间她接到了三个电话。8,Duringthemorning,Iwasreadingabook.整个上午我都在读书。[常见搭配]duringone’slifetime在某人的一生中Duringthecourseof...在...的过程中Eg:Hetraveledtomanycountriesduringhislifetime.他一生中去过很多国家。Duringthecourseoftheyear,wecompletedmanyprojects.一年中.我们完成了许多项目。[易混辨析]during与in区别during强调事件的延续性.常表示某个特定时间段内的持续动作或状态.常常与表示行为要持续一段时间的名词连用.如“meal、stay”等；In为一般时间段.不强调时间的延续性。Eg:Don’tspeakduringthemeal.吃饭期间不许说话。（食不言）I’llbeonholidayinAugust.我八月份将去度假。[即学即用](1)Wehadagreattime______thesummervacation.A.duringB.inC.sinceD.until答案：A7.Victory(名词)胜利、成功[用法讲解]victory为可数名词.其复数形式为victories。Eg:Theteamcelebratedtheirvictorywithcheers.队伍为胜利欢呼。[常见搭配]achieve/winavictory取得胜利Narrowvictory险胜Eg:Theyachievedadecisivevictoryinthedebate.他们在辩论中取得决定性胜利。Thematchendedwithanarrowvictoryof2-1.比赛以2-1的微弱优势结束。[即学即用](1)Theteamcelebratedtheir______witharoarofjoy.A.winB.beatC.loseD.victory答案：D8.Russian(形容词)俄罗斯的、俄罗斯人的；(名词)俄罗斯人、俄语Eg:ThisisaRussiancar.这是一辆俄罗斯小汽车。HeisaRussian.她是俄罗斯人。Mr.WangteachesusRussian.王先生教我们俄语。[派生词]Russia为名词.译为“俄国”。Eg:SheisfromRussia.她来自俄国。[即学即用](1)Thesestudentscomefrom________(Russian).8,答案：Russia9.Fight(名词)战斗、搏斗、斗争；(动词)(fought)打仗、打架Eg:Thesoldiersarefightingtheenemyonthebattlefield.士兵们在战场上与敌人作战。Thetwoteamswillfightforthechampionshipnextweek.这两支队伍将在下周争夺冠军。Thesoldiersareinafiercefightagainsttheenemy.士兵们在与敌人进行激烈的斗争。[常见搭配]fightagainst...与...斗争、反对...Fightfor...为...而战、争取...Fightwith...与...并肩作战Fightback反击Putupafight顽强抵抗、打得很好Eg:Scientistsfightagainstclimatechange.科学家对抗气候变化。Workersfoughtforbetterworkingconditions.工人争取更好的工作条件。Thetwocountriesfoughtwitheachother.两国互相交战。Thevictimfoughtbackbravely.受害者勇敢反击。Shefoughtbacktearsduringthespeech.演讲时她强忍泪水。Despitebeingoutnumbered,thesmallteamputupagoodfight.尽管人数上处于劣势.但这支小队还是进行了顽强的抵抗。[即学即用](1)They________theItaliansinthelastwar.A.fightforB.fightwithC.fightagainstD.fightover答案：C10.Against(介词)反对、与...相反、紧靠Eg:Heisagainstthewar.他反对战争。Thechairisagainstthewall.椅子靠着墙。[常见搭配]againstthelaw违法Beagainstdoingsth.反对做某事Eg:Thisisagainstthelaw.这是违法的。I’magainstcuttingdownthetrees.我反对砍伐树木。[即学即用](1)We’llplay_______ClassThree.A.againstB.inC.toD.with答案：A11.Guide(名词)导游、指南、手册；(动词)给某人领路、指导[用法讲解]guide为可数名词.其复数形式为guides。8,Eg:Shewroteaguidetohealthyeating.她写了一本健康饮食指南。Theguideledusthroughtheancienttemple.导游带领我们参观了古庙。Heguidedthetouristsaroundthemuseum.他带领游客参观博物馆。[常见搭配]tourguide导游Guidesb.to地点领某人去某地guidesb.indoingsth.指导某人做某事Beguidedbysth./sb.受...的指导/引导Userguide用户指南/使用说明书Followone’sguide听从某人的指引Guideline准则、指导方针guideaway引导离开Eg:Thecoachguidedtheteamtovictory.教练带领球队取得了胜利。Weshouldbeguidedbyfactsandnotbyrumors.我们应该以事实为依据.而不是听信谣言。Pleasereadtheuserguidebeforeusinghisproduct.请在使用本产品前阅读用户指南。Justfollowmyguide,andyouwon’tgetlost.只要听我的指引.你就不会迷路。Thecompanyfollowsstrictguidelinesinitsoperations.公司在运营中严格遵守指导方针。Policeguidedthecrowdawayfromtheaccident.警察疏散人群离开事故现场。[即学即用](1)MissWangguidedus_____theGreatWall.A.atB.inC.toD.with答案：C12.Artwork(名词)艺术作品、插图[用法讲解]artwork为可数名词.其复数形式为artworks。Eg:Themuseumcontains6000artworks.这个博物馆拥有6000个艺术品。Theartworkforthebrochureincludesthelayoutandalltheillustrations.这个小册子的插图包括布局和图示。[即学即用](1)Therearelotsof_________(artwork)inthismuseum.答案：artworks13.Thousandsof数以千计的、成千上万的[用法讲解]thousand前接数字时.不可加s.表示“...千”；thousand后面可接of.此时必须加s.译为“数百的”；thousand修饰名词表示一笔金额时.谓语动词用单数。[常见搭配]athousand/onethousand一千Two/three...thousand二/三...千Thousandsof数千的Hundredsofthousandsof...成千上万的、数十万的Eg:We’vedriventwothousandmilesinthelasttwohours.8,在过去的两个小时里.我们已经开了2000英里。Therearethousandsofpeopleinthepark.公园里有数千人。Twothousandpoundsisusedforteambuilding.2000美元用于团队建设。Hundredsofthousandsofpeopleattendedtheconcert.数十万人参加了音乐会。[知识拓展]类似词语拓展Hundred百；million百万；billion十亿注意：用法与thousand用法一致。Eg:Ahundredpeoplesignedthepetition.一百人在请愿书上签了名。Therearemillionsofpeopleinthecity.这个城市有数百万人。[即学即用](1)Thereare__________booksinthelibrary.A.thousandofB.thousandsofC.twothousandsD.twothousandsof答案：B14.Tear(名词)眼泪、泪水[用法讲解]tear为可数名词.其复数形式为tears；tear也可为动词.译为“撕扯、使流泪、拉扯、拆除、毁坏”等.其过去式为tore.过去分词为torn。Eg:Heburstintotearswhenhesawhismotheragainafteryearsofseparation.与母亲多年未见后重逢.他突然哭了起来。Thechildtorethepaperintopieces.孩子把纸撕成了碎片。Hecouldn’thelptearingwhenheheardthebadnews.听到这个坏消息时.他忍不住流下了眼泪。Shetoreherscarfloosefromaroundherneck.她从脖子上猛地扯下围巾。Theoldbuildingwillbetorndownnextweek.那座旧建筑下周将被拆除。[常见搭配]intears泪流满面Eg:Shewasintearswhensheheardthebadnews.她听到这个坏消息时.泪流满面。[即学即用](1)Mywifeburstinto________(tear)whensheheardthebadnews.答案：tears15.Remind(动词)提醒、使想起[用法讲解]remind后可接名词、代词、动词不定式或that从句。Eg:Sheremindedhimthathehadameetingat2pm.她提醒他下午两点有个会议。[常见搭配]remindsb.ofsth.使某人想起某事Remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事Remindoneself提醒自己Eg:Thesmellofhayalwaysremindsmeofouroldhouseinthecountry.甘草的味道总是令我想起了我们在乡村的老房子。TheteacheroftenremindsmetoreadEnglishinthemorning.8,老师经常提醒我早晨读英语。Iremindedmyselftostudyforthefinalexamscomingup.我提醒自己要为即将到来的期末考试做好准备。[即学即用](1)Whatyousaidjustnow_______meofthatAmericanprofessor.A.mentionedB.informedC.remindedD.memorized答案：C16.Peace(名词)和平、太平[用法讲解]peace作名词还可译为“平静、安宁”；peace还可作动词译为“使...安静/平静”Eg:Thetwocountriessignedatreatytoestablishpeaceandpromotecooperation.两国签署了一项条约.以建立和平冰促进合作。Yogaandmeditationbringmepeaceofmind.瑜伽和冥想给我带来内心的宁静。Theteachertriedtopeacetherowdystudentsbyspeakingsoftly.老师尝试通过轻声讲话使粗鲁的学生安静下来。[常见搭配]inpeace和平地、安静地Atpeace心如止水地、和平、平静Makepeace达成和解Keepthepeace维持和平Eg:You’llbeabletoreadinpeacehere.你可以在这里安静地看书。Heisatpeacenow.他现在心如止水。Aftertheheatedargument,theyfinallymadepeacewitheachother.经过激烈的争论.他们终于和解了。Thepoliceweretryingtokeepthepeaceduringthedemonstration.警察试图在游行期间维持秩序。[派生词]peaceful为形容词.译为“和平的”Eg:Theprospectsforapeacefulsolutionaredim.找到和平解决方案的前景渺茫。[即学即用](1)Maythewholeworldbefullof________(peaceful),loveandhappiness.答案：peace17.Easily(副词)容易地、轻易地[用法讲解]easily常用来修饰动词或形容词。Eg:Heeasilysolvedthemathproblem.他轻易地解决了这个数学问题。Thisiseasilyrecognizedfromitssizeandcolor.这种蚂蚁可以很容易地通过其体积和颜色辨识出来。[派生词]easy为形容词.译为“容易的”。Eg:ItiseasyformetolearnEnglish.对我来说学英语很容易。[即学即用](1)Awomanofherabilitywill________(easy)findajob.答案：easily18.Forget(动词)(forgot)忘记、遗忘[用法讲解]forget的过去式为forgot.过去分词为forgotten。[派生词]反义词为remember.译为“记得”。8,[常见搭配]forget/remembertodosth.忘记/记得要去做某事Forget/rememberdoingsth.忘记/记得做过某事Eg:Iforgotborrowingabookfromyou.我忘记从你那借了一本书。Sorry,Iforgottobringthebook.对不起.我忘记给你待那本书了。[即学即用](1)Don'tforget________(close)thedoorwhenyouleave.答案：toclose19.Noon(名词)正午、中午[用法讲解]noon为不可数名词.常指正午十二点.通常前面不加任何冠词。[常见搭配]atnoon在中午Bynoon在中午之前Eg:Atnoon,thesunishighinthesky.正午.烈日当空。Thestormhaddisappearedbynoon.正午前暴风雨已消散。[即学即用](1)Sheoftenreadnewspaper_______.A.atthenoonB.atnoonC.inthenoonD.innoon答案：B20.Sick(形容词)生病的、恶心的[用法讲解]sick还可表示“厌恶、恶心、炫酷”或用来强调某事的程度非常深。Eg:Thesickwomanmoanedinpain.那个生病的女人正在痛苦地呻吟。Thatmoviewassickfunny.那部电影非常有趣。Thesmellmakesmesick.这气味使我感到恶心。Thatnewsongissosick.那首新歌太酷了。[常见搭配]feelsick感到不舒服Besickof...厌恶...Eg:Ifeelsicktoday.我今天感觉不舒服。I’msickofthisjob.我厌恶这份工作。[易混辨析]ill和sick区别ill“有病的”作表语.不作定语.后接with和from表原因.若ill作定语.表“恶劣的；邪恶的”sick“生病的”在句中作定语.还可表示“呕吐的.恶心的”sick后可用with表原因Eg:Thatillwomankilledherowndaughter.那位邪恶的女士杀了她自己的女儿。Mydaughterwassickwithacold.我女儿生病感冒了。[即学即用](1)Heis_____today.Hewantstoaskfor______leave.A.sick;sickB.sick;illC.ill;ill答案：A8