江苏省常熟市2022高考英语一轮 阅读理解暑假训练题（2）

常熟市2022高考英阅读理解语一轮（暑假）训练题（2）及答案Skepticsareastangelot.Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestotheenviroment,andtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagreewiththem.Thosepeople,sayskeptics,spreadnothingbutbadnewsabouttheenvironment.The“eco-guilt”broughtonbythediscouragingnewsaboutourplanetgivesrisetothepopularityofskepticsaspeoplesearchformorecomfortingworldviews.PerhapsthatexplainwhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuchpublicity.Thatbook,TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,declaresthatitmeasuresthe“realstateoftheworld”asfine.Ofcourse,anotherexplanationisthedeeppocketssomebigbusinesseswithspecialintererts.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg’sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeIndustry-fundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthoughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslikeglobalwarming.SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.Lomborg’sbookgolargelyunchallengedinthemediathoughhisbeliefswerecontrarytomostscientificopinions.OnenationalnewspaperinCanadarananumberofarticlesandreviewsfullofwordsofpraise,evenwiththeconclusionthat“AfterLomborg,theenvironmentalmovementwillbegintodiedown.”Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,arespectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMr.Lomborg’s“preferenceforunexaminedmaterialsisincredible(不可信的)”。Acritical(批判的)eyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomakeinformeddecisions.Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingortodefendsomespecialinterests.Peoplemightbecomehalf-blindbeforeaworldpartiallyexhibitedbythemedia.That’sashame,becausemattersconcerningthehealthoftheplanetarefartooimportanttobetreatedlightly.72.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayberegardedas“skeptics”?-1-\nA.Peoplewhoagreeonthepopularityof“eco-guilt”.B.Peoplewhodisbelievetheserioussituationofourplanet.C.Peoplewhodisliketheharmfuleffectofhumanactivities.D.Peoplewhospreadcomfortingnewstoprotectourenvironment.73.WhichofthefollowingcanbeareasonforthepopularityofLomborg’sbooks?A.Somebigbusinessesintendtoprotecttheirowninterests.B.Thebookchallengesviewsaboutthefinestateofthewirld.C.Theauthorconvincespeopletoseekcomfortingworldviews.D.Industry–fundedmediapresentconfusinginformation.74.TheauthormentionedthereviewinNatureinorderto_____.A.voiceadifferentopinionB.findfaultwithLomborg’sbookC.challengetheauthorityofthemediaD.pointoutthevalueofscientificviews.75.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?A.Toencouragetheskepticstohaveacriticaleye.B.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofhalf–blindnesswithreviews.C.Toblamethemedia’slackofresponsibilityinpresentinginformation.D.Toshowtheimportanceofpresentingoverallinformationbythemedia.参考答案BAAD**************************************************************结束Exercise,suchaswalking,canreducetheriskofdiabetes（糖尿病）inpeoplewhosebloodsugarisstartingtorise．Thatoutcomewasshowninalargestudy．Despitetryinghard,thosewhodietedandworkedoutlostverylittleweight．Buttheydidmanagetomaintainaregularwalkingprogram,andfewerofthemwentontodevelopdiabetes．Exercisealsomayreducetheriskofheartdisease．Thereseemstobesomeeffect:Mostoftheheartprotectionappearstoberealizedbywalkingregularly．Moreintense-2-\nexercisehasbeenshowntoprovideonlyslightlygreaterbenefits．Activepeoplearemuchlesslikelytosmoke;they’rethinnerandtheyeatdifferentlythanpeoplewhoarelessactive．Theyalsotendtobemoreeducated,andeducationisoneofthestrongestpredictorsofgoodhealthingeneralandalongerlife．Asaresult,itisimpossibletoknowwithconfidencewhetherexercisepreventsheartdiseaseorwhetherpeoplewhoarelesslikelytogetheartdiseasearealsomorelikelytobeexercising．Still,inrigorousstudiesinwhichelderlypeoplewereassignedeithertoexerciseormaintaintheirnormalroutine,theexerciserswerelesslikelytofall,perhapsbecausetheygotstrongerordevelopedbetterbalance．Exercisemaypreventbrokenbones—butonlyindirectly．Andwhataboutweightloss?Liftingweightsbuildsmusclesbutwillnotmakeyouburnmorecalories．JackWilmore,anexercisephysiologistatTexasA&MUniversity,calculatedthattheaverageamountofmusclethatmengainedafteraserious12-weekweight-liftingprogramwas2kilograms,or4．4pounds．Thataddedmusclewouldincreasethemetabolicrate（代谢率）byonly24caloriesaday．Exercisealone,intheabsenceofweightloss,hasnotbeenshowntoreducebloodpressure．Nordoesitmakemuchdifferenceincholesterol（胆固醇）levels．Weightlosscanlowerbloodpressureandcholesterollevels,butifyouwanttoloseweight,youhavetodietaswellasexercise．Exercisealonehasnotbeenshowntobringsustainedweightloss．JustaskStevenBlair,anexerciseresearcherattheUniversityofSouthCarolina．Herunseverydayandevenrunsmarathons．But,headds,“Iwasshort,fatandbaldwhenIstartedrunning,andI’mstillshort,fatandbald．Weightcontrolisdifficultforme．Ifightthelosingbattle．”Thedifficulty,Dr．Blairsays,isthatit’smucheasiertoeat1,000caloriesthantoburnoff1,000calorieswithexercise．Asherelates,“Anoldfootballcoachusedtosay,‘Ihaveallmyassistantsrunningfivemilesaday,buttheyeat10milesaday．’”5．InthecaseofStevenBlair,runningdoes______tohisweightcontrol．A．littleB．muchC．goodD．harm-3-\n6．Thelastparagraphofthetexttellsusthattheproblemisthatpeopletendto______?A．burnoff1,000caloriesinadayB．usemoreenergythantheygetC．getmoreenergythantheyuseD．runfivemilesinafootballgame7．Whichofthefollowingistrueaccordingtothetext?A．Exercisecancertainlypreventheartdisease．B．Exercisealonecannotreducebloodpressure．C．Liftingweightcandirectlypreventbrokenbones．D．Walkingcannotreducebloodsugarinpeople．8．Accordingtothetext,themoreeducatedoneis,the______．A．lessexerciseonewilltakeB．strongerandthinneronewillbeC．morecigarettesonewillsmokeD．healthieronewillgenerallybe参考答案5-8ACBD*********************************************************结束阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的四选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。AMyfriends,EmmaDaniels,spentthesummerof1974travelinginIsrael.DuringhermonthlongstayinJerusalemsheoftenwenttoacafécalledChocolateSoup.Itwasrunbytwomen,oneofwhom–Alex–usedtoliveinMontreal.OnemorningwhenEmmawentinforcoffee,whilechattingwithhernewfriendAlex,shementionedthatshehadjustfinishedthebookshewasreadingandhadnothingelsetoread.Alexsaidhehadawonderfulbookshemightlike,andthathe’dbehappytolendittoher.Ashelivedjustabovethecafé,hequicklyranuptogetit.ThebookhehandedtoEmmajustminuteslaterwasMarkings,abookbyaformerSecretary-GeneraloftheUnitedNations(UN).Emmahadneverreadit,norhadsheeverboughtacopy.But,whensheopenedItup,shewasflooredtoseeherownnameandaddressinsidethecoverinherown-4-\nhandwriting（笔迹）.Itturnedoutthatthesummerbefore,ataconcertbackinMontreal,EmmahadmetaCalifornianwhowasintownvisitingfriends.Theydecidedtoexchange（交换）addresses,butneitherofthemhadanypaper.Themanopenedupabookhewascarryinginhisbackpack(背包)andaskedEmmatowritehernameandaddressinside.WhenhereturnedtoCalifornia,heleftthebookbehindinMontreal,andhisfriendAlexkeptit.WhenAlexlatermovedtoJerusalcm,hetookthebookalong.1.AlexlentEmmathebook,Markings,.A.toshowhisfriendlinesstoherB.toshowhisinterestinreadingC.totellherabouttheimportanceofUND.toletherwritehernameandaddressinside2.HowdidEmmafeelthemomentsheopenedthebook?A.Pleased.B.Satisfied.C.Worried.D.Surprised.3.WecanlearnfromthetexttheCalifornian.A.metEmmaataconcertB.invitedEmmatoaconcertC.introducedEmmatohisfriendD.leftEmmahisbackpack4.Whowassupposedtobethefirstownerofthebook?A.AnofficialoftheUN.B.Acoffeeshopowner.C.Afriendoftheauthor’s.D.Alex’sfriendfromCalifornia.1--4ADAD*************************************************结束BMay:HappeningsfromthePast-5-\nMay5,1884IsaacMurphy,sonofaslaveandperhapsthegreatesthorseriderinAmericanhistory,ridesBuchanantowinhisfirstKentuckyDerby.Hebecomesthefirstriderevertowintheracethreetimes.May9,1754BenijaminFranklin’sPennsylvaniaGazetteproducesperhapsthefirstAmericanpoliticalcartoon(漫画)，showingasnakecutinpieceswiththewords“JohnorDie”printedunderthepicture.May11,1934ThefirstgreatduststormoftheGreatPlainsDustBowl,theresultofyearsofdrought(干旱)，blowstopsoilallthewaytoNewYorkCityandWashington,D.C.May19,1994JacquelineLeeBouvierKennedyOnassis,formerfirstladyandoneofthemostfamouspeopleofthe1960s,diedofcancerinNewYorkCityattheageof64.May24,1844SamuelF.B.Morsetapsoutthefirstmessage,“WhathathGodwrought,”overtheexperimentallong-distancetelegraphlinewhichrunsfromWashington,D.C.,toBaltimore,Md.5.WeknowfromthetextthatBuchananis.A.Isaac’sfatherB.awinninghorseC.aslavetakingcareofhorseD.thefirstracinghorseinKentucky6.WhatisthetitleofthefirstAmericanpoliticalcartoon?A.JoinorDieB.PennsylvaniaGazetteC.WhatHathGodWroughtD.KentuckyDerby7.InwhichyeardidtheformerfirstladyJacquelinedie?A.1934B.1960C.1964D.19948.Whichofthefollowingplaceshastodowiththefirsttelegraminhistory?-6-\nA.Washing,D.C.B.NewYorkCity.C.Kentucky.D.Pennsylvania.5—8、BADA**********************************************结束CWhenIlearnedthatmy71-year-oldmotherwasplayingScrabble–awordgame–againstherself,IknewIhadtodosomething.Myhusbandsuggestedwegiveheracomputertoplayagainst.Iwasn’tsuremymotherwasreadyforit.Afterall,ithadtaken10yearstopersuadehertobuyanelectriccooker.Evenso,wepackedupouroldcomputeranddeliveredittomyparents’home.Andsobeganmymother’sadventureintheworldofcomputers.Italsomarkedthebeginningofanunusualteachingtaskforme.I’vetaughtpeopleofallages,butIneverthoughtIwouldbeteachingmymotherhowtodoanything.Shehasbeentheoneteachingmeallmylife:tocoolandsew;toenjoythegoodtimesandputupwiththebad.Nowitwasmyturntogivesomethingback.Itwasn’teasyatthebeginning.Therewassomuchtoexplainandtointroduce.Slowlybutsurely,mymothercaughton,makingnotesinalittlenotebook.AfterafewmonthsofScrabbleandothergames,Idecideditwastimetointroducehertowordprocessing(文字处理).Thisprovedtobeabiggerchallenge(挑战)toher,soIgavehersomehomeworkIaskedhertowritemealetter,usingdifferentlettertypes,colorsandspaces.“Areyouthisdemandingwithyourkindergartenpupils?”sheasked.“No,ofcoursenot,”Isaid.“Theyalreadyknowhowtouseacomputer.”Mymotherisn’ttheonlyoneexperiencingafastpersonalgrowthperiod.Thankstothecomputer,myfatherhasfinallygotoverhisphoneallergy(过敏反应).ForaslongasIcanremember,anytimeIcalled,mymotherwouldanswer.DadandIhavehadmorephoneconversationsinthelasttwomonthsthanwe’vehadinthe-7-\npast20years.9.Whatdoestheauthordo?A.Sheisacook.B.Sheisateacher.C.Sheisahousewife.D.Sheisacomputerengineer.10.Theauthordecidedtogivehermotheracomputer.A.toletherhavemorechancestowritelettersB.tosupportherindoingherhomeworkC.tohelpherthroughthebadtimesD.tomakeherlifemoreenjoyable11.Theauthoraskedhermothertowriteheraletter.A.becausehermotherhadstoppedusingthetelephoneB.becauseshewantedtokeepintouchwithhermotherC.sothathermothercouldpracticewhatshehadlearnedD.sothatmothercouldbefreefromhousework12.Afterthecomputerwasbroughthome,theauthor’sfather.A.lostinterestincookingB.tookmorephonecallsC.playedmoregamesD.begantouseit9—12、BDCB******************************************结束-8-